Bone markings

Greater tubercle

A prominent feature on the humerus, located laterally, serving as an attachment site for the rotator cuff muscles.

olecranon fossa

a deep depression located on the posterior aspect of the humerus, accommodating the olecranon process of the ulna when the elbow is extended.

Coranoid fossa

A shallow depression on the anterior aspect of the humerus, located above the trochlea, which accommodates the coronoid process of the ulna during elbow flexion.

capitulum

a rounded knob on the lateral aspect of the distal humerus that articulates with the head of the radius.

Acromion

The acromion is a bony process on the scapula, extending laterally over the shoulder joint, and serves as an attachment site for the deltoid muscle.

glenoid cavity

a shallow cavity on the lateral aspect of the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint.

Coranoid Process

A projection of the ulna that fits into the coronoid fossa of the humerus during elbow flexion.

Styloid process

a slender bony projection from the distal ends of the radius and ulna, providing attachment for ligaments and tendons at the wrist.

Head of the radius

the proximal, disc-shaped end of the radius that articulates with the humerus at the elbow and with the ulna at the proximal radioulnar joint.

Coranoid process

A projection of the ulna that fits into the coronoid fossa of the humerus during elbow flexion.

Acetabulum

a cup-shaped socket in the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur, forming the hip joint.

Pubic symphysis

a cartilaginous joint located between the left and right pubic bones, providing slight movement and stability to the pelvis.

Obturator foramen

a large opening in the pelvic bone formed by the ischium and pubis, which allows passage for the obturator nerve and blood vessels to the thigh.

Femoral head

the rounded, proximal end of the femur that articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis to form the hip joint.

Femoral neck

a narrowed region of the femur located just below the femoral head, connecting the head to the shaft of the femur, and is critical for weight-bearing and movement.

Greater trochanter

a prominent bony projection located on the proximal femur, serving as an attachment site for muscles such as the gluteus medius and iliopsoas.

Lesser trochanter

A small, bony projection located on the proximal femur, situated medial to the greater trochanter, serving as an attachment site for muscles, particularly the iliopsoas.

Lateral epicondyle