Political Science Flashcards

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Flashcards about political science and government.

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26 Terms

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Intifada

Palestinian uprisings against Israeli occupation.

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Zionism

Movement for the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

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Settlements

Israeli communities built in the occupied Palestinian territories.

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PLO

Palestinian Liberation Organization – aimed to create an independent Palestinian state.

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Gaza / West Bank

Palestinian territories; centers of conflict.

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Palestine / Palestinian

Area and people seeking statehood alongside Israel.

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Theocracy

Government run by religious leaders (e.g., Iran).

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UN Plan 1948

Proposed splitting Palestine into Jewish and Arab states; Israel accepted, Arab nations did not.

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Oslo Accords

1990s peace attempts between Israel and the PLO.

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Checkpoints / roadblocks

Israeli security measures; controversial, affect Palestinian daily life.

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Suicide bomber

Tactic used by extremist groups.

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Refugee camp

Homes for displaced Palestinians and Syrians.

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OPEC

Oil-producing nations; control oil prices.

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Hamas

Palestinian Islamist group; considered terrorist by some, political power in Gaza.

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ISIS / IS

Extremist group aiming to create a caliphate.

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Quran / Torah

Holy books of Islam and Judaism.

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Synagogue / Mosque

Jewish and Muslim places of worship.

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Iranian Revolution (1979)

Overthrew Shah; created Islamic theocracy under Ayatollah Khomeini.

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Arab Spring

Series of anti-government protests/uprisings in the Arab world (2010–2012).

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Sunni / Shi’a

Two main Islamic sects; long-standing tensions.

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India Partition

Split India into Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan in 1947.

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Satellite state

A country politically and economically dominated by another (often Soviet).

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Cold War

Tension (not direct war) between US (capitalism) & USSR (communism) after WWII.

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Decolonization

Process of colonies gaining independence.

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Communism

Government owns everything; few individual freedoms.

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Capitalism

Individuals own property/businesses; promotes competition and personal freedom.