States of Matter and Particle Theory Flashcards

Vocabulary practice cards reviewing particle diagrams, particle arrangements and movements, heating effects, and state changes across solids, liquids, and gases.

Solid Particle Diagram Guidelines

A drawing where all particles touch, are arranged in straight lines, and are positioned at the bottom of the box.

Liquid Particle Diagram Guidelines

A drawing where particles touch with no gaps and are randomly arranged at the bottom of the box.

Gas Particle Diagram Guidelines

A drawing where particles are spaced far apart and randomly arranged.

Solid Particle Arrangement

Particles are close together and held in fixed positions in a regular lattice arrangement.

Solid Particle Movement

Particles are fixed in place and do NOT move from place to place, but they do vibrate about their position (on the spot).

Liquid Particle Arrangement

Particles are randomly arranged and very close together with little to no gaps between them.

Liquid Particle Movement

Particles are free to move around one another in constant motion and also vibrate.

Gas Particle Arrangement

Particles are randomly arranged with big gaps between them.

Gas Particle Movement

Particles move randomly in all directions, bouncing off the walls of their container, and vibrate.

Solid Forces of Attraction

The state of matter that possesses the strongest force of attraction between particles.

Heating Effect on Solids

Particles vibrate faster when heated; if heated enough to overcome forces of attraction, they break away from the regular lattice and melt.

Heating Effect on Liquids

Particles gain kinetic energy, moving and vibrating faster; when they gain enough kinetic energy to overcome attraction forces, they leave the liquid and evaporate.

Heating Effect on Gases

Particles move and vibrate faster when heated, which can cause the gas as a whole to expand.

Kinetic Energy across States of Matter

Gas has the highest kinetic energy of its particles, while solid has the lowest kinetic energy.

Evaporation

The change of state from a liquid to a gas.

Sublimation

The change of state from a solid straight to a gas.

Condensation

The change of state from a gas to a liquid.

Boiling

Process occurring when a substance reaches its boiling point and bubbles of gas appear in the liquid.