Chapter 9: Manufacturing and Services in Perspective

This flashcard set covers key vocabulary and concepts from Chapter 9 about Manufacturing and Services in Perspective, providing definitions and insights into operations management.

Manufacturing

The process of creating finished goods and services using the factors of production.

Service Sector

The part of the economy that provides services to consumers and businesses, accounting for over 70% of the U.S. GDP.

Production Management

Activities managers do to help their firms create goods.

Operations Management

A specialized area in management that converts resources into goods and services.

Productivity Gains

Improvements in efficiency due to technology and automation that lower workforce needs.

Continuous Process

A production process with long runs that produce finished goods over time.

Intermittent Process

A production process with short runs that change frequently to produce different products.

Lean Manufacturing

A production approach that aims to use fewer resources than traditional mass production.

Flexible Manufacturing

Manufacturing systems designed to easily adapt to produce a variety of products.

Mass Customization

The process of tailoring products to meet the needs of many individual customers.

Just-in-Time (JIT) Inventory Control

Inventory management strategy that minimizes inventory to reduce costs and increase efficiency.

Quality Control

The process of ensuring that products meet consistent quality standards.

Six Sigma

A quality management method aiming for no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.

ISO 9001

Quality management and assurance standards recognized globally.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

A system that integrates all divisions and functions of a company into a single database.

Materials Requirement Planning (MRP)

A computer-based system that ensures parts and materials are available on time.

Facility Location

The process of choosing a geographic site for a company’s operations.

Facility Layout

The physical arrangement of resources in the production process.

Production Processes

Various methods used to produce goods, including process and assembly.

Assembly Process

The method of putting together components to create a final product.

CAD (Computer-Aided Design)

The use of computers in designing products.

CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing)

The use of computers in the manufacturing process.

CIM (Computer-Integrated Manufacturing)

The integration of CAD and CAM to streamline production.

Statistical Process Control (SPC)

Monitoring and controlling production through statistical methods.

Baldrige Awards

National awards for quality excellence in management practices.

Deming Cycle

A quality improvement cycle: Plan, Do, Check, Act.

Critical Path

The longest sequence of tasks in a project that determines its duration.

Gantt Chart

A bar graph that illustrates a project schedule.

Telecommuting

Working from home via computer.

Facilities Management

Coordinating all aspects of a facility for efficient operations.

Automation

Use of technology to perform tasks without human intervention.

Robotics

Technology used to design and operate automated machinery.

Sensors

Devices that detect changes and alert systems or personnel.

Nanomanufacturing

Manipulation of materials on a molecular scale.

Traditional Manufacturing

Large scale production of limited varieties of goods.

Product Value

The utility that products provide to consumers, defined by quality and features.

Production Scheduling

Planning production activities to optimize efficiency and meet customer demand.

Supplier Relationship Management

Managing interactions with suppliers to enhance supply chain efficiency.

Cost Reduction

Strategies implemented to decrease production and operational costs.

Workforce Training

Development programs designed to enhance employee skills and productivity.

Consumer Orientation

Strategies that prioritize meeting customer needs in products and services.