Honors Abnormal Psychology - Personality Disorders and Related Concepts

A set of flashcards based on a study guide for the Abnormal Psychology exam, focusing on personality disorders, dissociative disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, schizophrenia, and treatment modalities.

Ego-Syntonic

Symptoms perceived as natural or acceptable by the individual; they do not see their behavior as problematic.

Ego-Dystonic

Symptoms that are distressing and viewed as inconsistent with self-image.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

Evidence-based treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder; focuses on emotion regulation, distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness, and mindfulness.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Characterized by distrust and suspicion of others, interpreting their motives as malevolent.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Involves grandiosity, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy.

Borderline Personality Disorder

Involves instability in relationships, self-image, and affect; includes impulsivity and fear of abandonment.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Characterized by social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to criticism.

Dissociation

A disruption in memory, identity, consciousness, or perception.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Involves two or more distinct identities with recurrent gaps in memory.

Causal Factors of ADHD

Includes genetics, prenatal exposure to toxins, and brain abnormalities.

Schizophrenia

A severe mental disorder characterized by two or more psychotic symptoms lasting for a month or more.

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Includes delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and disorganized behavior.

Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Includes flat affect, alogia, avolition, and anhedonia.

First-Generation Antipsychotics

Medications such as Thorazine and Haldol effective for positive symptoms but can cause side effects like tardive dyskinesia.

Neurochemistry in Schizophrenia

Includes the Dopamine Hypothesis and Glutamate Hypothesis, explaining the role of neurotransmitter activity in the disorder.