The Network and Transport Layers

Flashcards reviewing the Network and Transport Layers.

What is the primary function of the OSI Network Layer 3?

Provides network addressing for packets and supports switching and routing technologies.

Name three protocols that operate at OSI Layer 3.

Internet Protocol (IP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), and Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)

What is the main function of the OSI Transport Layer 4?

Provides transparent and reliable data transfer between computers.

Name three protocols that operate at OSI Layer 4.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)

How does the Internet Protocol (IP) treat packets?

It treats all packets (datagrams) separately, each containing a header with the destination’s IP address.

How can a network node determine if a packet header has been changed?

A network node can use a checksum to tell if a packet header has changed

Which organization develops and promotes Internet standards, including IPv4 and IPv6?

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

What is the purpose of private IP addresses?

To allow organizations to assign their own device IP addresses from private network ranges.

What is the Domain Name System (DNS)?

It is a hierarchical naming system that associates host names with IP addresses.

What was the primary motivation for creating IPv6?

To increase the network address space.

What is Unicast in IPv6 network methodologies?

Sending a packet to a single destination.

Which protocols are used to provide local Media Access Control (MAC) addresses in IPv4 and IPv6 networks?

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) in IPv4 and NDP (Neighbor Discovery Protocol) in IPv6.

How does a connectionless protocol like IP treat packets?

It has no notion of a connection between source and destination nodes and treats each packet separately.

How does a connection-oriented protocol operate?

Sets up a connection between the source and destination and treats each message separately.

Is UDP connection-oriented or connectionless-oriented?

Connectionless-oriented protocol.