ROM thoracic/lumbar

Thoracolumbar ext testing types

tape measure, double inclinometer

Thoracolumbar flexion testing types

tape measure, double inclinometer, fingertip to floor

Thoracolumbar lat flex testing types

goniometer, double inclinometer, fingertip to floor, fingertip to thigh

Thoracolumbar rot testing types

goniometer, double inclinometer

lumber flex testing types

Modified-modified Schober Test/Simplified Skin Distraction test, double inclinometer, single inclinometer

lumbar ext testing types

Modified-modified Schober Test/Simplified Skin Distraction test, double inclinometer, single inclinometer

lumbar lat flex testing types

double inclinometer, single inclinometer

Thoracolumbar flex testing position

standing with feet shoulder width apart

spine 0 degrees rot and lat flex

Thoracolumbar flex stabilization

stabilize the pelvis to prevent anterior tilt

Thoracolumbar flex testing motion

bend forward with arms relaxed

knees straight

Thoracolumbar flex end feel

firm

Thoracolumbar flex tape measure method

distance between T1 and S2 at the beginning and the end of ROM

Thoracolumbar flex Tape measure normal range

4 in/ 10 cm

Thoracolumbar flex double inclinometer method

inclinometers over the spinous process of T1 and over the sacrum at the level of S2

how can you find S2

in line with PSIS

Thoracolumbar flex double inclinometer normal ROM

60 degrees

Thoracolumbar flex fingertip to floor method

slowly bend forward with the knees ext and feet together

measure the perpendicular distance between tip of middle finger and the floor

Thoracolumbar flex fingertip to floor normal range

0.1cm; 2.2 cm

Thoracolumbar ext testing position

standing with feet shoulder width apart

spine in 0 degree rot and lat flex

Thoracolumbar ext stabilization

stabilize pelvis to prevent posterior tilt

Thoracolumbar ext testing motion

ask pt to extend the spine as far as possible

Thoracolumbar ext normal end-feel

firm, may be hard

Thoracolumbar ext tape measure method

measure distance between spinous processes of T1 and S2 from the beginning and the end of ROM

Thoracolumbar ext tape measure normal range

less than starting position

Thoracolumbar ext double inclinometer method

position ine inclinometer over the spinous process of T1 and the second over sacrum at the level of S2

zero it

ROM is the difference between the 2 inclinometers

Thoracolumbar ext double inclinometer normal range

25 degrees

Thoracolumbar lat flex testing position

standing with feet shoulder width apart

spine in 0 degrees rot and flex

Thoracolumbar lat flex stabilization

STABILIZE PELVIS TO PREVENT LAT TILTING

Thoracolumbar lat flex testing motion

bend to one side, arms relax, feet on floor with knees ext

Thoracolumbar lat flex end feel

firm, maybe hard

Thoracolumbar lat flex goniometer alignment

fulcrum: spinous process of S2

prox: perpendicular to the ground

distal: align with spinous process of T1

Thoracolumbar lat flex goniometer normal range

35-38 degrees

Thoracolumbar lat flex double inclinometer method

place one inclinometer over T1 spinous process and the second inclinometer over the sacrum at the level of S2

Thoracolumbar lat flex double inclinometer normal range

25 degrees

Thoracolumbar lat flex fingertip to floor set up

stand with back flat against the wall with feet shoulder width apart

Thoracolumbar lat flex fingertip to floor motion

bend to side as far as possible while keeping back and shoulders against wall and both feet flat on floor with knees ext

Thoracolumbar lat flex fingertip to floor measurement

distance between the middle finger to the floor

Thoracolumbar lat flex fingertip to floor recomendation

recommended for comparing repeated measurements for a single individual

Thoracolumbar lat flex fingertip to floor normal range

about 21 cm

Thoracolumbar rot testing position

sitting with no back support

feet on floor

spine in neutral

Thoracolumbar rot stabilization

stabilize pelvis to prevent rot

Thoracolumbar rot testing motion

turn the body to one side as far as possible

keep trunk erect and feet flat on floor

Thoracolumbar rot end feel

firm, may be hard

Thoracolumbar rot goniometer alignment

fulcrum: over center of head

prox: parallel to an imaginary line between 2 prominent tubercles on the iliac crest

distal: imaginary line between the 2 acromial processes

Thoracolumbar rot goniometer normal range

45 degrees

Thoracolumbar rot double inclinometer testing position

forward flexed position in standing

Thoracolumbar rot double inclinometer testing motion

rotate trunk as far as possible without moving into ext

Thoracolumbar rot double inclinometer methods

place over T1 and S2 and zero it

ROM is the difference between the readings of the 2 inclinometers at the end of motion

Lumbar flexion testing position

standing with spine in neutral

Lumbar flexion stabilization

stabilize the pelvis to prevent anterior tilting

Lumbar flexion testing motion

bend forward

Lumbar flexion normal end feel

firm

Lumbar flexion mod-mod Schober test method

mark the midline sacral mark (S2)

mark 15 cm above

align tape measure between 2 marks

ask to bend forward

measure distance between 2 marks

Lumbar flexion mod0mod Schober test normal range

5.8-7.7 cm

Lumbar flexion double inclinometer method

inclinometer over the spinous processes of T12 and over sacrum at the level of S2

Lumbar flexion double inclinometer normal range

60 degrees

Lumbar flexion single inclinometer method

inclinometers over the spinous process of T12 and S2

take measurements separately

subtract S2 from T12 measurement to obtain flexion ROM

Lumbar ext testing position

standing with the feet shoulder width

spine in neutral

Lumbar ext stabilization

stabilize the pelvis to prevent posterior tilting

Lumbar ext testing motion

ext the spine

Lumbar ext end feel

firm, may be hard

Lumbar ext mod-mod Schober test method

mark the midline of sacral mark (S2)

mark 15 cm above the midline sacral mark

align tape measure between 2 marks

bend forward

measure the distance between 2 marks

Lumbar ext double inclinometer

place one inclinometer over the spinous process of T12 and the second inclinometer over the midline of sacrum S2

Lumbar ext double inclinometer normal range

20-42 degrees

Lumbar ext single inclinometer method

place inclinometer over T12, take measurement

repeat the procedure at S2

Lumbar lat flex testing position

standing with the feet shoulder width apart

spine in neutral

Lumbar lat flex stabilization

stabilize the pelvis to prevent lat tilting

Lumbar lat flex testing motion

bend to the side

Lumbar lat flex end feel

firm, may be hard

Lumbar lat flex double inclinometer method

place one inclinometer over the spinous process of T12 and S2

Lumbar lat flex double inclinometer normal range

25-30 degrees

Lumbar lat flex single inclinometer method

place inclinometer over T12, take measurement

repeat over S2