Bacterial Disease Flashcards (Specific Methods Only)

Flashcards detailing specific treatment, control, or prevention methods for bacterial diseases.

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP)

Control/Prevention: Bacterin vaccines (serotype-specific); Autogenous vaccines.

Bacillus anthracis

Treatment: Not practical (infected animals burned/buried). Control/Prevention: Vaccination (live, avirulent Sterne); Active surveillance; Ausvetplan guidelines.

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Control/Prevention: Vaccines available (dogs, pigs, poultry).

Brachyspira spp. (Swine Dysentery)

Control/Prevention: Less severe in immune herds/with antibiotic performance enhancers.

Burkholderia mallei (Glanders)

Control/Prevention: Euthanasia, quarantine, regulation (no vaccine).

Burkholderia pseudomallei (Melioidosis)

Control/Prevention: No effective vaccine.

Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis

Control/Prevention: Vaccination (bacterin) is most practical (leads to self-cure in bulls).

Chlamydia felis

Control/Prevention: Vaccine available (attenuated live, non-core).

Clostridioides difficile

Treatment: Discontinue inciting antibiotic; Metronidazole/Vancomycin; Probiotics/FMT. Control/Prevention: Strict hygiene (spores); Isolation; Judicious antibiotic use; Environmental disinfection.

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Control/Prevention: Vaccination (available in some countries); Culling affected animals.

Coxiella burnetii (Q-Fever)

Control/Prevention: Vaccination available (bacterins, modified live); Vaccination recommended for livestock workers.

Dermatophilus congolensis

Treatment: Remove crusts; Topical antimicrobials; Systemic antibiotics (for severe/widespread cases). Control/Prevention: Avoid prolonged wetting/skin trauma; Hygiene; Segregation.

Ehrlichia canis

Treatment: Doxycycline (min 3 weeks); Rifampicin (if doxy ineffective). Control/Prevention: Effective tick control programs (environmental, repellents, examination); No vaccine in Australia.

Enterobacteriales (General) / E. coli

Control/Prevention: Vaccination (e.g., coliform mastitis vaccines, sow bacterins against E. coli serovars).

Exudative Epidermitis (Staphylococcus hyicus)

Treatment: Susceptible injectable antibiotics; Topical antibiotics/antiseptics; Oral electrolytes. Control/Prevention: Eliminate abrasions (clean/disinfect surfaces); Sterile instruments; Clean farrowing pens; Sow hygiene; All-in/all-out policy.

Fusobacterium necrophorum (Necrotic Laryngitis)

Treatment: Antibiotics (general). Control/Prevention: Address overcrowding/mud/faeces; Manage wounds; Prevent viral damage providing entry.

Glaesserella parasuis (Glasser's Disease)

Control/Prevention: Bacterin vaccines (limited effectiveness); Autogenous vaccines; Exposing nursing piglets to specific serovars can induce immunity.

Lawsonia intracellularis

Control/Prevention: Swine vaccine (oral/rectal, live attenuated or inactivated) offers some protection.

Leptospira spp.

Treatment: Penicillin/Tetracyclines; Supportive care. Control/Prevention: Vaccination (reduces shedding/severity); Avoid contaminated water; Rodent control.

Mannheimia haemolytica

Control/Prevention: Vaccination against M. haemolytica and predisposing respiratory viruses (leucotoxin toxoids important).

Mycobacterium bovis

Treatment: Not practical in livestock. Control/Prevention: "Test and slaughter"; Surveillance; Movement restrictions; Vaccination (BCG, but often not in Aus/NZ due to diagnostic interference).

Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease)

Treatment: No effective treatment. Control/Prevention: "Test and slaughter"; Surveillance; Movement control; Biosecurity; Gudair® vaccine (sheep).

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC (CBPP)

Treatment: Not practical. Control/Prevention: "Test and slaughter"; Movement restrictions; Vaccination (live attenuated, not 100% effective).

Mycoplasma spp. (General)

Control/Prevention: Vaccination (where endemic to reduce severity/spread).

Pasteurella multocida (Fowl Cholera)

Control/Prevention: Vaccination.

Rhodococcus equi

Treatment: Prolonged course (macrolides, rifampin); Resistance reported. Control/Prevention: No vaccine; Adequate colostrum/hyperimmune plasma; Rotate foaling camps/remove topsoil.

Salmonella spp.

Control/Prevention: Culling carriers; Biosecurity protocols.

Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (Strangles)

Treatment: Antibiotics for critically ill (early treatment may prevent immunity). Control/Prevention: Isolation and quarantine.