7.11 Interwar Foreign Policy

five power treaty

Nations with five largest navies agrees to ratio their battle ships

four power treaty

United States, France, Great Britain and Japan agreed to respect on another’s territory in the pacific

nine power treaty

all nine nations at the Washington conference agreed to respect open door policy in China

Kellogg-Briand Pact

renounced aggressive use of force to achieve national ends

1. permitted defensive wars

2. failed to take action against violators of agreement

Dawes Plan

established cycle of payments from US to Germany and from Germany to Allies

Herbert Hoover Foreign Policy in Latin America

1. arranged for US troops to leave Nicaragua

2. negotiated treaty with Haiti to remove all troops by 1934

Stimson doctrine

US would not recognize “Manchukuo” as legitimate, especially since it had been taken by force

FDR Pan-American conferences

pledged to never again intervene in a Latin American country’s internal affairs

Cuba

FDR gets Congress to nullify Platt amendment

Tydings-McDuffie Act

granted independence to Philippines

Benito Mussolini

led fascist party in Italy

Fascism

idea that people should honor their country via extreme acts of violence

Adolf Hitler

leader of Nazi Party in Germany

Gerald Nye

bolstered that US participation in WW1 was to serve greed of bankers and arms manufacturers

Neutrality acts of 1935-1937

1. 1935: Forbade US citizens from travelling on ships of belligerents

2. 1936: forbade extension of loans and credits to belligerents

3. 1937: forbade shipment of arms to opposing sides of civil war in spain

America First Committee

mobilized American public opinion against war

ethiopia 1935

Mussolini orders Italian troops to invade Ethiopia

how did FDR gradually counter isolationism

by giving aid to allies

cash and carry

belligerents could buy US arms if they used their own ships and paid in cash

Selective Service Act

registration of all American men between the ages of 21-35

lend-lease act

permitted Britain to obtain all US arms on Credit

shoot on sight

FDR orders for navy to attack all German ships on sight