Chapter 5: The Integumentary System

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary related to the integumentary system as detailed in the lecture notes.

Integumentary System

The organ system comprised of skin and its accessory structures including hair, nails, and glands.

Epidermis

The thin outer layer of skin, primarily composed of stratified squamous epithelium.

Dermis

The thick layer beneath the epidermis that contains dense connective tissue and various structures like blood vessels and sensory fibers.

Hypodermis

Subcutaneous tissue located below the dermis, primarily consisting of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue.

Keratin

A fibrous waterproof protein found in the epidermis, especially in the stratum corneum.

Melanocytes

Specialized cells in the epidermis that produce melanin, which determines skin and hair color.

Sebaceous Glands

Glands associated with hair follicles that secrete sebum to lubricate and waterproof the skin.

Sweat Glands

Eccrine (merocrine) and apocrine glands that aid in temperature regulation and waste excretion via sweat.

Alopecia

Hair loss that can occur due to various factors, including genetic predisposition.

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A nonmelanoma skin cancer arising from the basal layer of the epidermis, typically due to UV exposure.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A nonmelanoma skin cancer that develops from the squamous cells in the epidermis, often due to sun exposure.

Melanoma

The most serious type of skin cancer that originates in melanocytes and can metastasize.

ABCDE Rule

A guideline for identifying melanoma based on Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter greater than 6mm, and Evolving characteristics.

Hyperthermia

A condition characterized by an abnormally high body temperature due to failed thermoregulation.

Hypothermia

A condition where the body temperature drops below normal, potentially leading to life-threatening complications.

Functions of the Skin

Include protection, thermoregulation, sensation, Vitamin D synthesis, and water regulation.

Accessory Structures

Components of the integumentary system including hair, nails, and glands.

Adipose Tissue

Loose connective tissue that stores energy, insulates the body, and protects underlying structures.

Dermal Papillae

Ridges in the epidermis that interlock with the dermis, contributing to fingerprints and enhancing grip.

Arrector Pili Muscle

Smooth muscle attached to hair follicles that causes hair to stand upright, producing 'goosebumps.'

Nail Root

The part of the nail beneath the cuticle where nail growth begins.

Acne Vulgaris

A skin condition characterized by inflammation of sebaceous glands, commonly during puberty.