Psychiatry - Module16B 2026 Ratio

B. Equipped to understand the complex relationships between emotional and medical illnesses

Psychiatrists are:

A. Exclusively the only ones allowed to treat mental health conditions

B. Equipped to understand the complex relationships between emotional and medical illnesses

C. Only able to evaluate medical and psychological data with the help of psychometricians

D. Unable to prescribe medications without the approval of psychologists

D. National Center for Mental Health

This tertiary mental healthcare facility accounts for 67% of available psychiatric beds nationwide

A. Amang Rodriguez Medical Center

B. Mariveles Mental Hospital

C. Philippine General Hospital – Psychology Section

D. National Center for Mental Health

A. False

Mental health care facilities and services are well-developed in the Philippines

A. False

B. It depends

C. True

D. Not enough information

C. Geriatric psychiatry

Mark, a 72 -year -old man, has been feeling anxious due to his old age. He feels the inevitability of his death, and worries about the coming weeks as he is getting older day by day. He seems to be experiencing bouts of anxiety and depression due to his worries. What subspecialty of psychiatry may best be able to help his situation?

A. Forensic psychiatry

B. Psychosomatic psychiatry

C. Geriatric psychiatry

D. Child and adolescent psychiatry

A. Bataan

The Mariveles Mental Health Hospital is one of the tertiary care psychiatric hospitals in the Philippines. Where is it located?

A. Bataan

B. Metro Manila

C. Zamboanga Del Sur

D. Cebu

A. Temperament

These are constitutionally based individual differences in emotional and motor reactivity and self-regulation that demonstrates consistency across situations and over time

A. Temperament

B. Personality

C. Patience

D. Self-control

A. Goodness of fit

The degree to which an individual’s temperament is compatible with the demands and expectations of his/her social environment

A. Goodness of fit

B. Confidence

C. Extraversion

D. Adaptability

B. B.F. Skinner

The main proponent of the concept of operant conditioning

A. John Bowlby

B. B.F. Skinner

C. Albert Bandura

D. Ivan Pavlov

A. Behavioral Perspective

Psychological perspective that explains behavior as shaped by reinforcements and consequences OUTSIDE the organism

A. Behavioral Perspective

B. Psychodynamic Perspective

C. Gestalt Perspective

D. Humanistic Perspective

B. Attachment

A lasting psychological connectedness between human beings

A. Community

B. Attachment

C. Imprinting

D. Relationships

C. Mary Ainsworth

The Canadian psychologist that expands on Bowlby’s theory on attachment

A. Jean Piaget

B. Melanie Klein

C. Mary Ainsworth

D. Anna Freud

A. Social Learning Theory

This theory emphasized the importance of observing, modelling, and imitating behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others

A. Social Learning Theory

B. Object Relations Theory

C. Ego Psychology

D. Rational Emotive Behavioral Theory

D. Albert Bandura

Who is the main proponent of social learning theory?

A. Hans Eysenck

B. Gordon Allport

C. Alfred Adler

D. Albert Bandura

B. Authoritative parenting

A parenting style in which parents encourage independence on their children but still place limits and controls on their actions

A. Indulgent parenting

B. Authoritative parenting

C. Authoritarian parenting

D. Neglectful parenting

D. First-borns

A study done by Paulhus suggests that people of this birth order are the most intelligent, achieving, and conscientious

A. Only child

B. Late-borns

C. Middle-borns

D. First-borns

B. Normality as health

Traditional approach

A. Normality as process

B. Normality as health

C. Normality as average

D. Normality as utopia

D. Normality as utopia

Harmonious and optimal functioning

A. Normality as process

B. Normality as health

C. Normality as average

D. Normality as utopia

C. Normality as average

Based on bell-shaped curve

A. Normality as process

B. Normality as health

C. Normality as average

D. Normality as utopia

A. Normality as process

The end result of interacting systems

A. Normality as process

B. Normality as health

C. Normality as average

D. Normality as utopia

B. Normality as health

No manifest pathology is present

A. Normality as process

B. Normality as health

C. Normality as average

D. Normality as utopia

C. Normality as average

Employed in normative studies of behavior

A. Normality as process

B. Normality as health

C. Normality as average

D. Normality as utopia

A. Normality as process

Continuously unfolding process over time

A. Normality as process

B. Normality as health

C. Normality as average

D. Normality as utopia

A. Sigmund Freud

Mental health as above normal

A. Sigmund Freud

B. Aristotle

C. Erik Erikson

D. Melanie Klein

C. Erik Erikson

Mental health as maturity

A. Sigmund Freud

B. Aristotle

C. Erik Erikson

D. Melanie Klein

A. Sigmund Freud

Mental health as socioemotional intelligence

A. Sigmund Freud

B. Aristotle

C. Erik Erikson

D. Melanie Klein

B. Symbiosis

Which is defined as the state of fusion between infant and mother in which self and not-self are not yet differentiated and in which there is only the faintest awareness of the distinction between inner and outer experience?

A. Object Constancy

B. Symbiosis

C. Separation

D. Individuation

D. Normal autistic

A stage in the Separation & Individuation process that is characterized by infant unaware of the external environment unless hungry or wet

A. Differentiation

B. Practicing

C. Symbiotic

D. Normal autistic

B. Stranger anxiety

When infant begins to have capacity to crawl away from mother he realizes his separateness from mother and the ff behaviors may be noted at this stage of Separation & Individuation

A. Hide and seek games

B. Stranger anxiety

C. Separation anxiety

D. Emotional refueling

C. Transitional object

Cuddly objects that represent mother and provide comfort & security for the infant when she is not around

A. Imaginary friend

B. Object constancy

C. Transitional object

D. Object permanence

C. shadowing and darting away

Ambivalence towards mother during the Rapprochement stage of Separation & Individuation may be observed through the ff behavior

A. Peek a boo games

B. Emotional refueling

C. shadowing and darting away

D. Comparative scanning

C. Practicing

When a toddler plays peek a boo, throws toys from his high chair or brings toys to mother then walks away again; he may be at this stage of Separation & Individuation

A. Rapprochement

B. Differentiation

C. Practicing

D. Object Constancy & Individuation

D. Establish a mature, non- incestuous, heterosexual object relations

The objectives of the genital stage according to Sigmund Freud is to

A. Develop friendships with other children of the same sex

B. Resolve the Electra Complex by repression of sexual fantasies

C. Gain urethral control as noted in competence-based performance

D. Establish a mature, non- incestuous, heterosexual object relations

A. Messy, defiant

If parent is too strict with toilet training and all of toddler’s activities the child might become

A. Messy, defiant

B. Undisciplined, disorderly

C. Angry, aggressive

D. Perfectionist, rigid

A. Addiction

Over gratification at the oral stage may result in fixation and manifested in adolescence or adulthood as this psychopathology

A. Addiction

B. Dependence

C. Depression

D. Optimism

B. Ambition and competitiveness

Penis envy in girls may be shown in adulthood as

A. Repression of aggressive impulses

B. Ambition and competitiveness

C. Female homosexuality

D. Sadomasochistic tendencies

B. Identification

Hero worship during the latency stage of the psychosexual development according to Sigmund Freud is a means of

A. Integration

B. Identification

C. Individuation

D. Imitation

C. Chewing, spitting and biting

Oral aggression is expressed through

A. Sucking, rooting reflexes

B. Wish to eat, sleep or relax

C. Chewing, spitting and biting

D. Hunger, thirst, tactile stimulation

C. Emulating heroes and preferring to play with other children of the same sex

The latency stage is characterized by the ff behaviors of children

A. Putting everything in his mouth to explore the world

B. Finding pleasure in defecating or holding in feces when appropriate

C. Emulating heroes and preferring to play with other children of the same sex

D. Playing doctor patient or acting like mother and father in their house

C. Conversion Disorder, Phobia

If parents are very strict about sexuality or overreact when they see a preschool child masturbate may lead to the ff psychopathologies

A. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

B. Depression, passive aggressiveness

C. Conversion Disorder, Phobia

D. Gender Identity Disorder, Paraphilia

B. Ability to cooperate willingly without excessive willfulness

Resolution of the anal stage of psychosexual development should lead in the ff:

A. Ability to give and receive from others without becoming too dependent

B. Ability to cooperate willingly without excessive willfulness

C. Ability to overcome guilt regarding sexual interests and sublimating in arts

D. Ability to get married and have a baby

D. Superego

Imaginary Companions are blamed for a child’s wrong doing and helps In the development of

A. Ego

B. Id

C. Ego ideal

D. Superego

B. Narcissism, demandingness

Oral deprivation according to Freud may result in

A. Inadequacy, incompetence

B. Narcissism, demandingness

C. Sadomasochism, pessimism

D. Obstinacy, frugality

D. Despair

An old man feels his life has been one big mistake and has been wanting to die after he retired and lost his wife to cancer. According to Erik Erikson what has he developed from the crisis point of this psychosocial stage?

A. Doubt

B. Stagnation

C. Isolation

D. Despair

D. Stagnation

Bringing up children to be dedicated only to their family’s welfare indicates that this parent has resulted in ____________ based on the psychosocial stages of Erikson

A. Generativity

B. Isolation

C. Intimacy

D. Stagnation

A. Inferiority

If parents are never satisfied with the high marks of their children, the child will develop

A. Inferiority

B. Guilt

C. Shame

D. Self- doubt

D. Mistrust

If parents ignore their baby when latter cries or fusses may result in developing this with later relationships according to Erik Erikson

A. Disatisfaction

B. Dependence

C. Trust

D. Mistrust

A. Autonomy

Parents should allow their toddlers to dress themselves, brush their teeth and wash their hands so as to resolve the crisis at this psychosocial stage of development and develop

A. Autonomy

B. Initiative

C. Identity

D. Integrity

A. Initiative

When a child can decide what to wear and not scolded for getting a chair to reach for a toy he wants to play with, he has developed

A. Initiative

B. Industry

C. Identity

D. Autonomy

D. Identity

When a person has answered the questions: “Who am I? Where do I fit in the scheme of things?” he may have developed

A. Initiative

B. Integrity

C. Autonomy

D. Identity

A. Intimacy

Catholic priests and nuns who choose to be chaste and celibate may still achieve this as they can love and serve people in the community during their psychosocial stage of development

A. Intimacy

B. Integrity

C. Identity

D. Generativity

B. Imparting Christian values and coping skills to her mentees

A single 40 -year- old woman who teaches in a medical school may attain generativity by

A. Getting married and raising children with her husband

B. Imparting Christian values and coping skills to her mentees

C. Showing a good example of following the health protocols issued by DOH

D. Investing money in building schools that are innovative and environmentally sound

D. Fidelity

An ability to stand up for one’s beliefs and decision to finish art school by getting a student loan despite parental disapproval is indicative of what virtue?

A. Fortitude

B. Commitment

C. Perseverance

D. Fidelity

A. Primary circular reaction

Baby sucks fingers repeatedly is noted at this cognitive stage of development according to Piaget

A. Primary circular reaction

B. Tertiary circular reaction

C. Secondary circular reaction

D. Reflexes

A. Psychosis

What psychopathology may result if one is unable to resolve his identity crisis?

A. Psychosis

B. Sexual Identity Disorder

C. Paranoia

D. Depression

B. Concrete operational

Reversibility of processes such as understanding that water can be in the form of ice or liquid in observed in a child at this cognitive stage of development

A. Formal operational

B. Concrete operational

C. Sensorimotor

D. Pre-operational

D. Animistic thinking

When a child spanks a table for purposely bumping into him while he was walking; this is known as ___________& noted at the 2nd stage of cognitive development.

A. Transductive reasoning

B. Intuitive thinking

C. Centration

D. Animistic thinking

D. Deductive reasoning

“If I take ecstacy I run the risk of becoming psychotic and dying of dehydration” is considered as __________ according to Jean Piaget’s theory on cognitive development.

A. Logical reasoning

B. Phenomenalistic causality

C. Egocentric thinking

D. Deductive reasoning

D. “I want it and I don’t care what it takes to get it”

Children who grab toys or criminals who steal money from people in the streets yet justify their illegal behavior probably live by this moral dictum

A. “Don’t do unto others what you would not want others to do to you”

B. “I want it now”

C. “Might is right”

D. “I want it and I don’t care what it takes to get it”

B. Instrumental relativism / hedonism

When a drug lord is protected by the military thus gets away scot free because he donates millions to a high- ranking government official is an example of this stage of moral development

A. Interpersonal concordance / conformity

B. Instrumental relativism / hedonism

C. Punishment & obedience orientation

D. End justifies the means

B. Child who broke 1 plate intentionally is worse than breaking 10 plates accidentally

Which is indicative of autonomous morality?

A. Child who broke 1 plate accidentally is worse than breaking 10 plates intentionally

B. Child who broke 1 plate intentionally is worse than breaking 10 plates accidentally

C. Child who broke 10 plates accidentally is worse than breaking 1 place intentionally

D. Child who broke 10 plates accidentally is just as bad as breaking 1 plate intentionally

A. Post conventional

Persons who risk their lives by going to jail or dying for their universally ethical beliefs of equality and preservation of human rights and dignity are functioning at this stage of moral development

A. Post conventional

B. Preconventional

C. Premoral

D. Conventional

B. Social contract and situational ethics

When what is right depends on the current circumstances such as killing another person may be acceptable if it is in self -defense Is indicative of this stage of moral development

A. Conventional stage of blind obedience

B. Social contract and situational ethics

C. Social order, law and duty are of utmost importance

D. Universal ethical principles of justice and equality

B. Tertiary circular reaction

Traditional approach When a child seeks out new experiences such as inserting objects in a box or shaking the chair to get a toy; what cognitive development is depicted?

A. Primary circular reaction

B. Tertiary circular reaction

C. Symbolic thought

D. Secondary circular reaction

B. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross

The stages of death are popularly described by:

A. Rollo May

B. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross

C. Abraham Maslow

D. Albert Ellis

B. Anger

This is the second stage of death and dying

A. Bargaining

B. Anger

C. Shock and Denial

D. Depression

A. Pre-school

People in this developmental stage view death as a temporary absence, that is, incomplete and reversible

A. Pre-school

B. Children

C. Adolescence

D. School age

A. Adolescence

This age group view death as inevitable and final but may have difficulty accepting that their own death is possible

A. Adolescence

B. Pre-school

C. School age

D. Children

A. School age

They recognize death as a final reality for old people, and not for themselves

A. School age

B. Pre-school

C. Adolescence

D. Children

A. Provide an environment of safety in which people can talk about uncertainties, anxieties, and concerns

When dealing with adults faced with death, healthcare workers should:

A. Provide an environment of safety in which people can talk about uncertainties, anxieties, and concerns

B. Instill positivity and give hope to the patient, even if prognosis may say otherwise

C. Not engage in conversations with the patient, as it may exacerbate existing negative feelings

D. Refer patients to another healthcare worker that may be able to better relate to the patient

A. Late adulthood

People in this age group describe their fears of death as including long, painful, disfiguring deaths and loss of control and dignity

A. Late adulthood

B. Middle adulthood

C. Early adulthood

D. Adolescence

A. Grief

This is a subjected feeling precipitated by the death of a loved one

A. Grief

B. Depression

C. Bereavement

D. Mourning

B. Bereavement

A state of being deprived of someone by death

A. Depression

B. Bereavement

C. Grief

D. Mourning

B. Patients experiencing MDD are drowned in negative memories, while patients dealing with grief intermix positive memories of the deceased

What distinguishes grief from major depressive disorder?

A. Self-esteem is maintained in MDD, while self-esteem is broken in grief

B. Patients experiencing MDD are drowned in negative memories, while patients dealing with grief intermix positive memories of the deceased

C. Painful feelings come in waves in MDD, while painful feelings are constant in grief

D. Self-loathing is common in grief, while uncommon in MDD

C. If the patient intends to harm someone, the psychiatrist has the legal obligation to warn the potential victim

What statement is true about Confidentiality?

A. If a family member wants to talk to the psychiatrist, it is preferable to talk to that family member alone at the conclusion of the session

B. In cases of forensic psychiatry, it is okay not to tell the patient that the session is not confidential

C. If the patient intends to harm someone, the psychiatrist has the legal obligation to warn the potential victim

D. The patient’s consent is not necessary for the use of one-way mirror

D. To obtain information that will establish a criteria-based diagnosis

What is the purpose of the initial interview?

A. To increase the patient’s expectations of improvement

B. To maximize the patient’s hope for the future

C. To develop a multidimensional understanding of the biopsychosocial elements of the disorder

D. To obtain information that will establish a criteria-based diagnosis

A. Empathy

This term means understanding what the patient is thinking and feeling and it occurs when the psychiatrist is able to put himself or herself in the patient’s place while at the same time maintaining objectivity.

A. Empathy

B. Rapport

C. Respect

D. Sympathy

D. Transference

This is the process of the patient unconsciously and inappropriately displacing onto individuals in his or her current life those patterns of behavior and emotional reactions that originated with significant figures from earlier in life, often childhood.

A. Countertransference

B. Repression

C. Displacement

D. Transference

B. Once issues of safety have been assessed, the interviewer should inquire about the patient's comfort and continue to be alert to the patient's comfort throughout the interview.

What is true about the statements below?

A. In emergency room settings, it is generally advisable for the interviewer to have a clear, encumbered exit path.

B. Once issues of safety have been assessed, the interviewer should inquire about the patient's comfort and continue to be alert to the patient's comfort throughout the interview.

C. Sometimes it is useful to implicitly state, and sometimes demonstrate, that there are sufficient staff to prevent a situation from spiraling out of control.

D. On occasion, especially in hospital or emergency room settings, this may require that other staff be present or that the door to the room where the interview is conducted be left closed for confidentiality.

C. 20 to 30 minutes

How long should the interview of a psychotic patient be done?

A. 30 to 45 minutes

B. 45 to 90 minutes

C. 20 to 30 minutes

D. 10 to 25 minutes

C. The focus should be on understanding the patient and enabling the patient to tell his or her story.

What is best during patient-centered interview?

A. The patient's early life experiences, family, education, occupation(s), religious beliefs and practices, hobbies, talents, relationships, and losses are some of the areas that, in concert with genetic and biological variables, is not a factor to the development of the personality.

B. The individuality of the patient’s experience is unimportant.

C. The focus should be on understanding the patient and enabling the patient to tell his or her story.

D. An appreciation of the experiences of the patient and their impact on the person is optional in forming an understanding of the patient.

D. Repression

Resistance may be fueled by _______, which is an unconscious process that keeps issues or feelings out of awareness

A. Suppression

B. Displacement

C. Rationalization

D. Repression

A. Parapraxis

An example of an unconscious process during patient interview

A. Parapraxis

B. Echopraxia

C. Tangentiality

D. Echolalia

A. A major purpose of the initial psychiatric interview is to obtain information that will establish a criteria-based diagnosis

What is true about the psychiatric interview of a patient?

A. A major purpose of the initial psychiatric interview is to obtain information that will establish a criteria-based diagnosis

B. A well-conducted psychiatric interview results in a multidimensional understanding of the biological elements of the disorder and provides the information necessary for the psychiatrist, in collaboration with the patient, to develop a person-centered treatment plan

C. Does not lead to treatment decisions

D. Least important element in the diagnosis and care of persons with mental illness

C. Family timeline

KL was born in the time of the pandemic when his parents were just starting to rent an apartment on their own; at 2 years old his grandparents both died of Covid and his parents moved into their ancestral home with his maternal relatives as his maternal aunts were still studying. A year later his baby sister was born.” This would be included in what part of the psychiatric history?

A. Family history

B. Family profile

C. Family timeline

D. General data

A. Parent

Who would be the best source of information regarding patient’s prenatal and perinatal period?

A. Parent

B. Patient himself

C. Sibling

D. Grandparent

A. Academic progress and achievements

What should be included in the Educational History that is not part of the developmental history?

A. Academic progress and achievements

B. Current job and hobbies

C. Highest level of educational attainment

D. Name of elementary and high school

B. To know which hemisphere of his brain is dominant

What is the relevance of indicating the handedness in general data?

A. To know on which side of the patient we should stand

B. To know which hemisphere of his brain is dominant

C. To know if he has right left orientation

D. To know which hand will be used to sign his name

B. Lives with his parents and siblings

Current living circumstances in the General Data may be written as

A. Lives in # 78 Governor’s Drive

B. Lives with his parents and siblings

C. Resides in Imus, Cavite

D. Lives in a condominium building

C. Personality, Role & Family relationships

“HH, 7 year old brother of patient, right handed grade one student of a public school is the pet of the family, funny and hyperactive, gets along with everyone; JJ, 19 year old sister of patient 1st year pre law student, practicing Catholic who is religious, helpful and fusses over everyone” describes the ff in family profile

A. Identifying data, family profile & relationships

B. Family timeline, genogram & medical illnesses

C. Personality, Role & Family relationships

D. General data, educational attainment & religion

B. Military history

“JT was an ROTC officer in College and later joined the PNP where he served for a couple of years but resigned due to his disillusionment regarding the integrity of the police force; he didn’t want to be further influenced into their corrupt ways.” This would be included in what part of the psychiatric history?

A. Social history

B. Military history

C. Legal history

D. Occupational history

B. After asking regarding menarche, crushes, dating during adolescence

Taking the psychiatric history need not be taken in the order that one writes it in the report thus how do we introduce the topic of sexual history?

A. After gathering the general data and rapport has been established

B. After asking regarding menarche, crushes, dating during adolescence

C. After asking about romantic relationships and marriage partners

D. After gathering the family relationships and genogram

D. Occupational history

“What were your dreams and aspirations as a teenager? How did you choose your profession? How do you get along with your peers, subordinates and superiors a work?” these questions are asked to elicit this part of the psychiatric history.

A. Adulthood

B. Educational history

C. Adolescence

D. Occupational history

D. Age, sex, sibling order, medical/ psychiatric illness

Genogram includes the ff information

A. Family events from the time patient was born till the present time

B. Family relationships, role, personality of each member

C. General data of each member & their Family dynamics

D. Age, sex, sibling order, medical/ psychiatric illness

A. Name, age, sex, highest level of educational attainment, current occupation

What should be included in the General data?

A. Name, age, sex, highest level of educational attainment, current occupation

B. Ethnic background, nationality, languages spoken, current job, monthly income

C. Residential address, religion, political beliefs, handedness, current living circumstances

D. Name, age, sex, civil status, sibling order, birthdate, current living situation, height

B. Preschool

At what part of the psychiatric history should you ask about the child’s fears, ability to separate easily when going to school and masturbation?

A. Toddler

B. Preschool

C. Elementary School

D. Infancy

A. How did you learn about sexual issues?

What initial questions should a doctor ask a patient when eliciting the Sexual History?

A. How did you learn about sexual issues?

B. What are your future plans with your current partner?

C. Are you gay? What is your sexual preference?

D. Have you ever been sexually abused?

B. Ability to brush teeth, dress up and answer the phone

What are the expected milestones one should ask about the preschool years?

A. Ability to read & write; add & multiply numbers

B. Ability to brush teeth, dress up and answer the phone

C. Ability to urinate and defecate in the bathroom

D. Ability to eat and sleep well; walk or go up the stairs alone

C. Adolescence

“When did you notice development of breasts, facial hair or changes in your voice? When did you have crushes or try smoking cigarettes? What were your interests and hobbies?” are some of the questions we ask about this stage in the psychiatric history

A. Sexual history

B. Adulthood

C. Adolescence

D. Elementary age

D. Marital history

“Have you ever had a boy/girlfriend? What did you like/ not like about him/ her? How long did the romance last?“ are questions one would ask when eliciting this part of the psychiatric history

A. Sexual history

B. Social history

C. Social activity

D. Marital history

D. Exact residential address, languages spoken at home

Current living situation would probably NOT include the ff details

A. Materials used to build their house, frequency of garbage collection

B. Family income, people living with patient, family roles

C. Nudity, privacy of bathroom and sleeping arrangements

D. Exact residential address, languages spoken at home