Anatomy and Physiology: The Tissue Level of Organization

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary terms and definitions related to the tissue level of organization in Anatomy and Physiology, including types of tissues and their characteristics.

Tissue

A group of cells that perform a specific function.

Histology

The study of tissue structure, organization, and function.

Pathology

The study of changes associated with disease of tissues.

Epithelial Tissue

Forms coverings, linings, and glands.

Connective Tissue

Provides protection and support.

Muscle Tissue

Provides movement.

Nervous Tissue

Allows communication.

Basement Membrane

Anchors epithelia to the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Avascular

Lacking blood vessels.

Regenerative

Capable of rapid cell turnover.

Squamous

Flat-shaped epithelial cells.

Cuboidal

Box-shaped epithelial cells.

Columnar

Column-like epithelial cells.

Simple Epithelium

Single layer of cells.

Stratified Epithelium

More than one layer of cells.

Pseudostratified Epithelium

Single layer that appears to have multiple layers.

Areolar Connective Tissue

Subcutaneous layers that support nearby tissues.

Adipose Tissue

Energy storage and cushioning located in subcutaneous layer.

Reticular Connective Tissue

Framework of internal organs.

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Tissue that forms tendons and ligaments.

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Tissue found in skin.

Hyaline Cartilage

Most abundant cartilage located within joints and ribs.

Fibrocartilage

Strongest cartilage found in intervertebral discs.

Elastic Cartilage

Cartilage located in the external ear.

Compact Bone

Solid bone with great strength.

Spongy Bone

Bone with empty spaces containing red bone marrow.

Blood

Fluid connective tissue that transports molecules and cells.

Lymph

Acellular fluid connective tissue.

Neurons

Cells that generate action potentials.

Dendrites

Short branches of a neuron that receive signals.

Axon

Long projection of a neuron used to send action potentials.

Synapse

Gap between a neuron and its target.

Glial Cells

Support cells in nervous tissue that assist neurons.

Mucous Membranes

Line body cavities exposed to the external environment.

Serous Membranes

Cover and line internal organs to reduce friction.

Cutaneous Membrane

The skin, which protects from desiccation and pathogens.

Synovial Membrane

Secretes synovial fluid in freely moveable joints.

Inflammation

Initial response to injury that limits extent and begins repair.

Acute Inflammation

Short-term inflammation.

Chronic Inflammation

Inflammation that persists for long periods.

Tissue Aging

Changes in tissue characteristics and healing rates as the body ages.

Tumor

Mass of cells caused by uncontrolled growth.

Malignant Tumors

Tumors that cause damage to the body.

Benign Tumors

Tumors that do not cause disease in the body.