ANSC 3373 exam 3

Glucose and galactose have _________ absorption rate when compared to arabinose.

a more rapid

Lactase...

A. produced in mammals only

B. Digest galactose

C. Is produced by the micro villi (brush borders)

D. Is produced by mammary gland

A, C

Physiologically, if animal's diet is low in carbohydrates.....

A. glycogen could be depleted

B. muscle tissue could be depleted

C. Adipose tissue could be mobilized

D. ketosis could occur

A, B, C, D

T/F Carbohydrates are digested and absorbed in the caecum and colon.

False

Metabolic activity that occurs in the mitochondria of cells

Kreb's cycle

T/F Glucose is primary for brain activity in ruminants.

True

Pyruvate...

A. Can be reduced to the lactic acid

B. can enter the Krebs cycle

C. is not gluconeogenic

D. is a simple carbohydrate

A, B

The largest portion of volatile fatty acid absorption for a ruminant occurs in the...

Rumen

T/F In the hypoglycemic blood state, all absorbed amino acids can become a source of glucose.

False

T/F Thiamine is needed to make NAD

False

The fight or flight hormone...

A. glycogenesis

B. can cause glycogenolysis

C. Is epinephrine

D. Is adrenaline

B, C, D

Ketosis can occur when..

A. Blood glucose is low

B. insulin is being secreted

C. adipose tissue is mobilized

D. muscle converted to glucose

A, C

Water soluble vitamins required for carbohydrate metabolism include...

A. phosphorus

B. thiamine

C. iron

D. niacin

B, D

The pancreas produces

amylase

T/F Monosaccharide's are water soluble

true

Glucose is a

monosaccharide

Carbohydrates have 2 different configurations; however, carbohydrates are more effective with ______ configured carbohydrates.

D

An oligosaccharide

A. is a complex carbohydrate

B. is a glycan

C. must be digested into a monosaccharide to be absorbed

D. contains 3-12 sugars

A, C, D

Oxygen is required in

Kreb's cycle

T/F Volatile fatty acids can not serve as an energy source for the animal

False

Galactose...

can be absorbed as is

Physiologically, if an animal is hyperglycemic

Glucose could be stored as glycogen

T/F Most carbohydrates found in plants are of the L-configuration.

false

Largest storage site for glycogen is ______

liver

The generic structure of a simple structure is____

CnH2nOn

T/F The digestion of starch in the caecum of a monogastric will not provide energy to the animal.

False

T/F Epinephrine converts glycogen to glucose.

True

Cattle do not produce...

A. maltase

B. salivary amylase

C. cellulose

D. sucrose

E. lactase

B, C, D

Carbohydrates...

A. must be in the form of a monosaccharide for absorption

B. are stored in large quantities in the muscle

C. are large percentage of the animal's diet

D. are digested by carbohydrase's

A, C, D

An animal has been fasted (not fed) for over 24-hours and has been frightened. What is the possible status of blood glucose and what hormone would be secreted?

A. Hypoglycemic, insulin

B. Hypoglycemic, glucagon

C. Hypoglycemic, epinephrine

D. Hyperglycemic, epinephrine

B, C

T/F When deficient in oxygen, the Kreb's cycle is responsible for all of the energy being generated.

False

The largest portion of carbohydrate absorption for a monogastric occurs in the

Duodenum and jejunum

T/F Pancreatic amylase is an effective digester only when the pH of the duodenum is low.

False

The conversion of glucose to glycogen occurs through

glycogenesis

For polysaccharides to be absorbed they must first be

digested into a monosaccharide

Glycogen

A. small amounts stored

B. found in muscle

C. stored carbohydrate

D. found in liver

A, B, C, D

T/F Adrenaline can be secreted in hypo-and hyper-glycemic blood state.

True

T/F Propionic acid is not produced and absorbed in monogastrics.

false

The sweetest carbohydrate

fructose

T/F Insulin and glucagon are both produced by the pancreas

True

Which volatile fatty acid produces ketones?

butyric acid

Lactase

A. digest lactose

B. is a complex carbohydrate

C. produced in salivary gland

D. produced in larger amounts in young mammals than in older mammals.

A, D

T/F Carbohydrates can be metabolized when an animal is dead.

True

combination of 2 glucose

maltose

38 ____ are produced from glucose metabolism

Adenosine triphosphate

generates 6 ATPs when converted to Acetyl CoA

pyruvic acid

absorbed in the small intestine

monosaccharide

volatile fatty acid that is gluconeogenic

propionic acid

not a true CHO, found in plants

lignin

ketone body that is formed from butyric acid

Beta-hydroxybutyrate

generates 8 ATPs, through conversion of glucose

glycolysis

produced by the microorganisms of the rumen

cellulase

requires oxygen to function

krebs cycle

T/F glucose can be metabolized when oxygen is depleted in the tissue and/or body

true

Converts glycogen to glucose

glycogenolysis

T/F energy is not required to convert excess glucose into glycogen

false

Substance is is (are) gluconeogenic

A. Lactate

B. acetone

C. Pyruvic acid

D. methionine

A, C, D

Volatile fatty acids produced in the caecum are _____

absorbed by diffusion

T/F chitin is a carbohydrate found in woody plant species.

false

By-products of microbial fermentation/digestion of carbohydrates, include...

A. heat increment

B. hydrogen

C. methane

D. propionate

A, B, C, D

Riboflavin is ___

A. needed for FAD

B. a vitamin

C. a mineral

D. needed for NAD

A, B

Glucose...

A. has slow absorption rate

B. is a simple sugar

C. is a monosaccharide

D. is a hexose

B, C, D

T/F Acetate is large contributor to glucose production for ruminants.

False

T/F ketones are produced in the body when insulin is being secreted.

False

Cellulase

A. is only ruminants

B. is found in the caecum

C. digest cellulose

D. is a carbohydrase

B, C, D