Biology Quiz No. 2 (PLANT TISSUES)

Meristematic and Permanent tissues

Two main types of tissues in vascular plants

Permanent tissues

It helps to protect vascular bundles while making bundle caps in the leaves of plants

Meristematic tissues

Allows growth; meristems made up of embryonic tissues

Apical Meristem

Found in the tip of the stems or roots that allow these organs to grow longer

Lateral Meristem

They are found on the nodes of stems and are involved in the formation of branches; they are also known as secondary meristems

Surface tissues

Covers and protects the surface of plant organs also known as dermal

Epidermis

Primary growth (PARENCHYMA CELLS, GUARD CELLS, SCLERENCHYMA CELLS, AND TRICHOMES)

Periderm

Secondary growth (PARENCHYMA CELLS AND SCLERENCHYMA CELLS)

Cutin

A part of surface tissues which has a waxy substance that prevents water loss

Cambium

Produces new layers of surface tissues called cork, which is a ring of meristematic tissues found inside a mature stem

Cork

A surface tissue that covers the outer surface of the bark of woody stems and roots

Fundamental tissues

The main bulk of plants that fills most of the spaces in any plant organs and is also known as ground tissue

Parenchyma cells

These cells serve as storage and appear large, thin-walled, and usually have a large vacuole

Collenchyma cells

Their main role is for support and usually have a thicker cell wall, they are found in areas that are growing rapidly and need to be strengthened

Sclerenchyma cells

Provide mechanical support and strength to the plants, they have a thick secondary wall in addition to the primary cell wall

Lignin

Organic substance that makes the cell wall tough and hard

Fibers and Sclereids

Two types of sclerenchyma cells

Vascular tissues

They are complex conducting tissues that extend from the roots to the leaves of the plants

Xylem and Phloem

Two types of vascular tissues

Xylem

Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves via the stem

Phloem

Transports organic nutrients in both directions along the length of the plant

Tracheids and vessel elements

Two types of conducting cells found in the Xylem

Sieve tube

A conducting cell found in the Phloem

Permanent

(SURFACE TISSUES [DERMAL], FUNDAMENTAL TISSUES [GROUND], AND VASCULAR TISSUES)

Meristematic

(APICAL MERISTEMS AND LATERAL MERISTEMS)