Chapter 10: Intelligence

Standardization

Has two meanings: (1) the development of norms and (2) rigorously controlled testing procedures.

Interjude Reliability

Refers to consistency of measurement when different people observe the same event or score the same test.

Metacompontents

Addresses both the psychological processes involved in intelligent behavior and the diverse forms that intelligence can take.

sensory acuity

He developed measures of reaction speed, hand strength, and ________.

Intelligence

Is determined by interacting hereditary and environmental factors.

Sterotype Threat

If they believe that certain behaviors on their part would confirm a negative stereotype in the minds of others.

Knowledge Acquisition Components

Allow us to learn from our experiences, store information in memory, and combine new insights with previously acquired information.

Fluid Intelligence

The ability to deal with novel problem-solving situations for which personal experience does not provide a solution.

Heritability estimates of intelligence

________ can vary, depending on sample characteristics.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Was the ratio of mental age to chronological age, multiplied by 100: IQ= (mental age /chronological age) x 100.

Validity

Refers to how well a test actually measures what it is designed to measure.

Personal Intelligence

The ability to understand who one is and who one wants to be.

Criterion- Related Validity

Refers to the ability of test scores to correlate with meaningful criterion measures.

Achievement Test

Designed to find out how much they have learned so far in their lives.

Normal Distribution

A bell- shaped curve with most scores clustering around the center of the curve.

Reliability

Refers to consistency of measurement.

Performance Components

Are the higher- order processes used to plan and regulate task performance.

Outcome Bias

Refers to the extent that a test underestimates a persons true intellectual ability.

Aptitude Test

Containing novel puzzlelike problems that presumably go beyond prior learning and are thought to measure applicants potential for future learning and performance.

Predictive Bias

Occurs if the test successfully predicts criterion measures, such as school or job performance, for some groups but not for others.

Internal Consistency

Has to do with consistency of measurement within the test itself.

Psychological Test

A method for measuring individual differences related to some psychological concept, or construct, based on a sample of relevant behavior in a scientifi cally designed and controlled situation.