Interactions in Ecosystems chapter 5

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27 Terms

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population

all the members of one species in a particular area

<p>all the members of one species in a particular area</p>
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community

all of the populations of different species that live in the same place and interact with each other

<p>all of the populations of different species that live in the same place and interact with each other</p>
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ecosystem

populations interacting with the living and nonliving parts of the environment

<p>populations interacting with the living and nonliving parts of the environment</p>
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niche

The job that an organism has in an ecosystem.

<p>The job that an organism has in an ecosystem.</p>
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energy pyramid

diagram that shows the amounts of energy that flows through each level of a food chain

<p>diagram that shows the amounts of energy that flows through each level of a food chain</p>
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food web

all the food chains in a particular place

<p>all the food chains in a particular place</p>
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symbiosis

relationship in which one organism depends on another for is survival in some way

<p>relationship in which one organism depends on another for is survival in some way</p>
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parasitism

symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed

<p>symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed</p>
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mutualism

A symbiotic relationship that benefits both organisms. example: the coral and algae

<p>A symbiotic relationship that benefits both organisms. example: the coral and algae</p>
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If pesticide was sprayed to control the insect population.

The bird population will decrease.

<p>The bird population will decrease.</p>
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Why do maple and spruce grow well in a temperate rainforest?

The trees grow well in a dry cool climate.

<p>The trees grow well in a dry cool climate.</p>
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more species live in this biome than any other

tropical rainforest

<p>tropical rainforest</p>
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What adaptation helps the elk adapt to the taiga biome?

Its thick fur

<p>Its thick fur</p>
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What is the source of much oxygen in the atmosphere?

plankton

<p>plankton</p>
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Desert plants would need what kind of root system?

a large root system, close to the surface

<p>a large root system, close to the surface</p>
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How do animals in the deep ocean adapt to their environment?

high pressure

<p>high pressure</p>
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What two organisms need each other to survive?

a fungus and bacteria

<p>a fungus and bacteria</p>
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If plants are competing for water what would be the best type of root system?

the plant with the largest root system

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Where is the greatest amount of energy on the energy pyramid?

The bottom

<p>The bottom</p>
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Where do carnivores get their energy?

From eating animals

<p>From eating animals</p>
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What is the role of the decomposers?

They break down waste and dead matter.

<p>They break down waste and dead matter.</p>
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What do decomposers make that can be used by plants?

nitrogen compounds

<p>nitrogen compounds</p>
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What are nonliving parts of an ecosystem?

water, air, soil, temperature, and sunlight

<p>water, air, soil, temperature, and sunlight</p>
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Name two decomposers.

fungi, bacteria, banana slug, ants, slime molds, millipedes

<p>fungi, bacteria, banana slug, ants, slime molds, millipedes</p>
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How do wetlands help the environment?

The plants, soils, and microorganisms of wetlands act as filter cleaning water as it flows through them. Salt marshes act as a barrier protecting the inland areas from ocean waves.

<p>The plants, soils, and microorganisms of wetlands act as filter cleaning water as it flows through them. Salt marshes act as a barrier protecting the inland areas from ocean waves.</p>
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cycle

a repeating process or flow of material through a system

<p>a repeating process or flow of material through a system</p>
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habitat

The place in an ecosystem in which an organism lives.