criminal Justice quiz #1 flashcards

Divine right of kings can be defined as

The assumption that the king derived his power from god

Feudalism

System which laws were based on the will of the king

How are modern societies governed

Democracy, institutionalized and systematized

Separation of powers AKA tripartite system

Legislative branch

Executive branch

Judicial branch

Separation of powers involving creation and overseeing of laws

Legislative branch

Executive branch

Executes and enforces the law

Separation of powers involving courts which interpret and apply the law

True or false; Canada had capitalism prior to the colonization

False

People who are the Enforcement of the law with the right to use violence to do so

Police

PLACE which interpret and apply the law

Courts

Place of punishment for guilty offenders

Prisions

Retribution

An eye for an eye perspective of punishment for offenders

Restoration

Restoring order to the harm done by offender

Incapacitation

Prevention of a second offence by removal from the public

Deterrence

Punishment to prevent other offenders

Rehabilitation

Improving the offender while in prison

Liberalism

Philosophical worldview based on individualism, rights and property

Criminology

Study of crime, criminals and crime control

Deviance

To differ from the average

Durkheim

Norms reflect the broader beliefs and values of a society

Positive sanctions

Rewards for normal behaviour

Negative sanctions

No rewards for normal behaviour

Punishment

Penalties for deviant behaviour

Informal sanctions

Not codified by law

Legalism

A strict and literal set of rules

Age of Enlightenments main change

Decline of the Divine Right of Kings

True or False; the freedom of speech overrides the freedom from harm

False; freedom of speech is limited, so long as you are not causing others harm

Social contract

Unsigned agreement between citizens and the state

Liberal justice

You are punished how you deserve to be, but also rewarded how deserve to be

Social Justice

Fixing the root of inequalities of the system to prevent crime

Classical theoretical perspective

Legalist, emphasis on individual freedom

Functionalist theoretical perspective

Based on social values, disorder caused by weak values

Radical theoretical perspective

Economic inequalities are reflected in laws (poor are criminalized and rich have immunity)