us hist- reconstruction

Who were the Radical Republicans?

A faction within the Republican party that opposed slavery and fought for civil rights for Blacks during Reconstruction.

Who led the Radical Republicans in the House of Representatives?

Thaddeus Stevens.

Who led the Radical Republicans in the Senate?

Charles Sumner.

What was the Wade-Davis Bill?

A proposal by Radical Republicans for strict conditions for Confederate states' reentry into the Union.

What did the Radical Republicans think about President Lincoln's Reconstruction plan?

They believed it was too lenient and wanted harsher punishments for Confederate states.

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

An act aimed at reinforcing the Thirteenth Amendment and establishing citizenship and civil rights for Blacks.

What did the Fourteenth Amendment accomplish?

It granted citizenship to Blacks.

What did the Reconstruction Acts require from rebel states?

To draft new constitutions and ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.

What was the Fifteenth Amendment?

An amendment that granted Blacks the right to vote.

What was the Joint Committee on the Conduct of War?

A committee created by Radical Republicans to investigate President Lincoln's wartime decisions.

What was the outcome of President Johnson's impeachment?

He was acquitted in the Senate by one vote.

What was the Radical Republicans' stance towards President Andrew Johnson?

They viewed him as an opponent who did not support Black rights.

What led to the decline of the Radical Republicans' power?

Growing opposition from Democrats and moderate Republicans, along with accusations of corruption.

What was the primary goal of the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction?

To ensure the abolition of slavery and establish civil rights for Blacks.

What did the Radical Republicans do in response to Johnson's vetoes?

They successfully overruled 15 of his vetoes, including significant civil rights legislation.

What was the significance of the Radical Republicans in the post-Civil War era?

They played a crucial role in shaping policies for Reconstruction and civil rights for Blacks.

What was the Radical Republicans' view on government intervention in states?

They believed it was necessary to ensure abolition and civil rights for Blacks.

What was the impact of the Radical Republicans on the Reconstruction process?

They implemented harsher measures to reintegrate Confederate states and protect Black rights.

What did the Radical Republicans achieve by 1870?

They passed the Fifteenth Amendment, granting Blacks the right to vote.

What was the relationship between the Radical Republicans and former slave owners?

They were often critical and faced opposition from former slave owners and the Ku Klux Klan.

What did the Radical Republicans believe about the Confederate states' punishment?

They felt that the states needed to be punished for their pro-slavery actions before rejoining the Union.

What weakened the Radical Republican faction in Congress?

Growing opposition and members deserting the faction.

Who became president as a result of the corrupt election of 1876?

President Rutherford B. Hayes.

What agreement did Hayes make that ended Reconstruction?

He agreed to remove military troops from the South.

What laws did white Democrats begin instituting after the end of Reconstruction?

Jim Crow Laws.

What was the primary goal of Lincoln's post-war Reconstruction plan?

To facilitate fusion and reconciliation.

What was Andrew Johnson's guiding principle for Reconstruction?

The South never had a right to secede.

What did Johnson order regarding land ownership for former slaves?

All land was to be returned to its former owners.

What system replaced slavery in many places throughout the South?

Sharecropping.

What was the Freedman's Bureau's role during Reconstruction?

To divide up confiscated Confederate land for former slaves.

What did the 14th Amendment guarantee?

Citizenship and equal protection under the law.

What did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 require from Southern states?

To create new governments that included participation of black men.

Who won the 1868 election, marking a significant Republican victory?

Ulysses S. Grant.

What did the 15th Amendment prohibit?

Denying men the right to vote based on race.

What was the impact of African American officeholders during Reconstruction?

They ensured rights for African Americans and reduced discrimination in local governments.

What contributed to the failure of Republican governments in the South?

Unpopularity due to taxes and resistance to African American rights.

What organization was founded in 1866 to intimidate African American voters?

The Ku Klux Klan.

What did Southern politicians call themselves after regaining control?

Redeemers.

What was the Bargain of 1877?

An agreement that ended Reconstruction by ceding control of the South to Democrats.

What was the result of the removal of federal troops from the South?

Southern states restricted the freedoms of black people.

What was a significant achievement of Republican governments in the South?

Establishment of a school system for both black and white children.

How did sharecropping affect African Americans in the South?

It resulted in a quasi-serfdom with limited economic opportunities.

What was the main reason for the violence directed toward African Americans after 1867?

Political motivation and intimidation to suppress voting.

What did the Radical Republicans believe about the Civil War?

It was fought for the rights of all, regardless of race.

What did the Radical Republicans achieve in Congress despite opposition?

Passing the Civil Rights Bill.

What was the Freedman's Bureau's existence limited to?

It lasted until 1870.

What did the Radical Republicans aim to do during Reconstruction?

Ensure rights and protections for former slaves.

What was a common sentiment among white Southerners regarding African American rights?

They were resistant to African Americans exercising basic rights.