Parasitology (Protozoans)

Endoplasm

- inner portion of the cytoplasm

- for metabolism and nutrition

Ectoplasm

- outer part of the cytoplasm

-hyaline structure for protection

Trophozoites

- stage of protozoan development that cannot be stained by iodine as it is toxic for this stage

acidic pH

- ph that is favorable of trophozoite formation

stomach

- where does e. histolytica excystation take place

binary fission

- multiplication of trophozoites happens in this type of reproduction

large intestines

- where trophozoites of e. histolytica multiply

E. histolytica

- the only pathologic amoeba

1

number of nucleus in e. histolytica trophozoite

4

number of nucleus in e. histolytica cyst

center

- location of e. histolytica karyosome

chromatoidal bar

- structure in amoeba cysts that is used as a food reserve and energy store

- composed of crystalline RNA

finger-like

- appearance of e. histolytica trophozoite pseudopodia

unidirectional and progressive

- motility of e. histolytica trophozoites

e. moshkovskii

- known as Laredo strain of E. histolytica

Commensals

Commensal or E. histolytica: grows in room temperature

E. histolytica

Commensal or E. histolytica: grows in 37 degrees celsius

Gal NAc Lectin

- e. histolytica virulence factor used for attachment

Amebapores

- e. histolytica virulence factor used for holding on to lining of large intenstine

Cysteine Proteinases

- e. histolytica virulence factor used for tissue disruption and spread of infection

Metronidazole

- drug of choice to treat E. histolytica

Diloxanide furoate

- drug for asymptomatic patients

Entamoeba coli

- most common commensal amoeba

1

- number of nucleus in e. coli trophozoite

8

- number of nucleus in e. coli cyst

eccentric

- location of karyosome in e. coli

sausage or cigar shaped

- e. histolytica chromatoidal bar shape

Fine and evenly distributed

- e. histolytica peripehrlal chromatin arrangement and appearance

coarse and rough

- e. coli peripheral chromatic characteristics

True

T or F: e. coli is bigger than e. histolytica

Entamoeba hartmanni

- small race of E. histolytica

1

- number of nucleus in e. hartmanni trophozoite

1-2 or 1-4 ( if mature)

- numebr of nucleus in e. hartmannicyst

E. coli

- entamoeba with dirty looking trophozoite

multi or non directional and non progressive

- e.coli motility

broom stick / witch broom / splinter

- chromatoidal bar shape of e. coli

sluggish movemnt, non-progressive

- motility of e. hartmanni

Entamoeba polecki

- ameba of pigs and monkeys

E. polecki

- most common parasite in papua new guinea

1

- number of nucleus in e. polecki trophozoite

1

- number of nucleus in e. polecki cyst

angular / pointed

- chromatoidal bar shape of e. polecki

unidrectional and progressive

- motility of e. polecki

Entamoeba chattoni

- seen in apes and monkeys

- morphologiclly similar to e. polecki

Endolimax nana

- smallest ameba

E. nana

- has a "blot-like" irregular karyosome

E. nana

- appearance shows ingested bacteria, blunt and hyaline pseudopodia, with food vacuoles

Endolimax and Iodamoeba (peripheral chromatin is only found in entamoeba)

- ameba with no peripheral chromatin

unidrectional, non-progressive, sluggish

motility of Endolimax nana

sluggish, non-progressive

Motility of i. butschlii

Entamoeba gingivalis

- entamoeba with no cyst stage

Entamoeba gingivalis

ameba of the oral cavity

True

T or F: E. gingivalis may be seen in the genital tract

Entamoeba gingivalis

- first amoeba in man

1-4 days

- incubation perios of e. histolytica intestinal disease

secondary bacterial peritonitis (secondary to fulminating colitis)

- most serious complication of e. histolytica

low

low or high: amebiasis is characterized by _____ amount of WBCs in stool

flask-shaped

- shape of histolytica ulcers

tenesmus

- cramping rectal pain in e. histolytica infection

cyst

cyst or trophozoites: recovered from formed stools

trophozoites

cyst or trophozoites: recovered from watery stools

blepharoplast

- where the flagella of intestinal flagellates are attached to

G. duodenalis or G. intestinalis

- Other names for giardia lamblia

ingestion of cysts

- mode of transmission of protozoans

large intestine

- habitat of e. histolytica

small intestine

- habitat of g. lamblia

mouth

- habitat of T. tenax

urogenital

- habitat of t. vaginalis

beavers

- reservoir host of g. lamblia

2

- number of nuclei in g. lamblia trophozoite

4

- number of nuclei in g. lamblia cyst

falling leaf motility

motility of Giardia lamblia

G. lamblia

- can cause backpacekr's diarrhea

G. lamblia

can cause Gay bowel syndrome

1-4 days

incubation period of g. lamblia

Lectin

- g. lamblia virulence factor for attachment

ventral sucker

- part of g. lamblia trophozoite causing

Blood type A

Blood type that has a greater risk for g. lamblia

Entero test / Beale's string test

- a test that may be done if you are negative in DFS for g. lamblia

- a string is place on the face while the yarn is swallowed and reaches the duodenum

- after 4 hours the string is pulled

metronidazole

- drug of choice for g. lamblia

hydrogen sulfide

- chemical that cause the rotten egg odor from g. lamblia diarrhea

trophozoite

- infective stage of D. fragilis

Enterobius and Ascaris

Nematodes that are carriers of d. fragilis

E. lamblia

- old man's face with eyeglasses

rosette / rose-like

- appearance of D. fragilis karyosome

non-progressive

progressiove/ non progressive: motility of d. fragilis

Iodoquinol

- treatment of choice for d. fragilis

Cytostomal fibril

- part of c. mesnili that may be described as the shepherd's crook

Chilomastix mesnili

- flagellate known to have a spiral groove

C. mesnili

- nipple shaped cyst

- america lemon appearance

3

number of anterior flagella of c. mesnili

1

number of flagellal near the cytostome of c. mesnili

4

number of g. lamblia flagella

1 pair (2 flagella)

- number of g. lamblia anterior flagella

1 pair (2 flagella)

number of g. lamblia posteror flagella

2 pairs (4 flagella)

number of g. lamblia lateral flagella

4 pairs (8 flagella)

total number of g. lamblia flagella

F. it is only passed from mother to child through infant delivery as the fetus passes through the vagina

T or F: trichomonas vaginalis can be transmitted through vertical and placental transmission

TRICK QUESTION! walang cyst stage ang t. vaginalis

number of nuclei in t. vaginalis cyst

1

number of nuclei in t. vaginalis trophozoite