Studied by 10 people
Antonio Pigafetta
Chronicler of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage.
Recorded information on geography, climate, flora, fauna, and native inhabitants.
Authored "Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo"
Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo
Report on the First Voyage around the World
Royal Audiencia of Manila
Royal Tribunal
Covers Philippines and China’s Archipelago & Mainland
later expanded to include Marianas, Palau, and other Pacific islands.
King Philipp II
promulgated the Royal Decree of creating the Royal Audencia of Manila on May 5, 1593
Encomiendas
legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the indigenous population.
consisted of a grant by the crown to a conquistador, a soldier, an official, or others of a specified number of “Indios” (Native Americans and, later, Filipinos) living in a particular area.
DOES NOT INCLUDE GRANT OF LAND
Encomienda (definition)
legally defined in 1503 from Spanish encomendar, “to entrust”
Encomendero
Receiver of the grant by the crown
could exact tribute from the “Indios” in gold, in kind, or in labour and was required to protect them and instruct them in the Christian faith.
Some were natives and there were women
Encomenderos in practice
gained control of lands inhabited by “Indios” and failed to fulfill their obligations to the indigenous population.
Laws of Burgos (1512–13) and the New Law of the Indies (1542)
crown’s attempts to end the severe abuses of the Encomienda system but fails
Men of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
First encomiendas assigned to
Gov. Gen. Gomez Perez de Dasmariñas (1951)
prepared a document detailing the number of encomiendas in the Philippines.
There were 31 royal encomiendas and 236 private encomiendas
Media Anata
taxes of the Encomenderos
third generation
Encomeindas can be inherited up to ____ After that it will be turned over to the government
Bishop Bartholome de las Casas
Protector of the Indians
Bishop Domingo de Salazar
was a champion of the oppressed natives against the cruelties of the Spanish encomenderos and colonial officials.
Polo y Servicios
sixty days in a year in their home province
forced labor system without compensation imposed upon the local population in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period.
Uprisings and Revolts
During the early years of the Spanish Rule revolts were sparked by native chieftains and religious leaders.
Early Spanish Rule Revolts
Resulted in loss of power, status, and influence
Loss of Power for Babaylans and Katalonans
Revolts and uprisings were more on a personal reasons
Personal Grievances Revolts
Lakan Dula and Sulayman (1574); Tamblot (1621-1622) and Bankaw (1622)
Conspiracy of 1587-1588
Led by Martin Panga and Agustin de Legaspi (relatives of Lakan Dula) Those who joined attempt to regain the freedom and lordship which their fathers had enjoyed before them. (Rulers of Tondo
Antonio Surabao's Role
informed the Spaniards of the plot. Leading to the arrest and execution of the leaders of the conspiracy. Others were exiled in Mexico
Visayan Revolt
In the Visayas; the local babaylan rallied hundreds of the Boholanos because they wanted to return to their native religion. A Spanish expedition from Cebu consisting of 50 Spaniards and 1
Bankaw's Uprising
Bankaw revolted because he wanted to return to his old religion. Another Spanish expedition from Cebu quelled the uprising
Dagohoy's Rebellion
1744- Dagohoy was angered because of the refusal of a Jesuit priest to give a Christian burial to his brother. After 85 years the Spaniards subdued the rebellion
Opposition to Spanish Impositions
Revolts in the countryside during the 17th and 18th century
Magalat
arbitrary and illegal collection of tribute in Cagayan (1596)
Sumuroy (Samar)
polistas from the Visayas to work in the shipyard in Cavite. It spread to other places: Cebu
Francisco Maniago
led the revolt in Pampanga in 1660. The Makabebes were used to quell the revolt
Andres Malong
led the revolt in Pangasinan. He proclaimed himself as a king.
Pedro Almazan
proclaimed by the people as the king of the Ilocos
Natives of the Binalatongan revolted.
They saw the weakness of the Spaniards when the British occupied the Philippines during Seven Years War.
Ilokos
anomalous collection of tributes and the excesses of the alcalde mayores led to the uprising of Diego Silang. (He offered his services to the British); Simon de Anda
Bishop Ustariz
issued an interdict against Silang. He asked the people not to support Silang.
Diego Silang
was killed by his fellow Ilokanos and his friend Pedro Becbec. Gabriela Silang (wife) and Nicolas Cariño (uncle) continued the revolt.
Religious Uprising
Resistance against conversion to Christianity
Ilongots Revolt (1601)
Revolt by Ilongots due to conversion attempts; opposed by Igorots
Cagayan Valley Uprising (1625)
Attempt to establish a new religion suppressed by native volunteers and Spaniards
Oton, Iloilo Incident (1663)
Incident in Oton, Iloilo where attempts to establish a new religion were thwarted
Apolinario dela Cruz (Hermano Puli)
Leader of Confradia de San Jose; refused admission by Dominicans
Confradia de San Jose
Religious group established by Apolinario dela Cruz in Tayabas
Murder of Provincial Governor (1841)
Dela Cruz and companions' action against provincial governor in 1841
1500s
Philippines’ role in the Spanish empire’s trading post for the Asian trade whose trade is under government monopoly.
1820s
the Philippines became pointless as a trading post
Mid 19th Century
the Philippine economy grew.
