VetA&P Cardiovascular

cardiovascular system consists of __ (3)

heart, blood vessels, lymph vessels

in pulmonic circulation blood moves from __ side of heart to __

right, lungs

in systemic circulation blood moves from __ side of heart to __

left, body

blood is __% of total body weight

6-8%

circulation time is __ seconds in large animals and __ in small animals

30, 7

very far left

endocardium of heart wall

thick red layer

myocardium of heart wall

purplish layer

epicardium of heart wall (visceral layer of serous pericardium)

blue

pericardial cavity

pink

parietal layer of serous pericardium

tan

fibrous pericardium

the pericardium is a __ walled membrane

double

the __ pericardium is outer and __ pericardium is inner

fibrous, serous

the __ is found between two layers of serous pericardium

pericardial cavity

the pericardial space is filled with __ which helps __

pericardial fluid, prevent friction between heart and pericardium

separates artia and ventricles externally

coronary groove

separates ventricles externally

interventricular groove

the __ interventricular groove is on the left side

paraconal

the __ interventricular groove is on the right side

subsinousal

the __ is in between pulmonary trunk and aorta

ligamentum arteriosum (Botalli’s ligament)

fixes heart and pericardium in place (all animals)

sternopericaridiac ligamennt

connects pericardium and diaphragm, only found in dog

phrenopericardiac ligament

the __ ligament extends between pericardium and diaphragm, only found in the dog

phrenopericardiac

L heart, 1

left auricle

L heart, 2

pulmonary trunk

L heart, 3

right ventricle

L heart, 4

left ventricle

L heart, 5

left azygous vein

R heart, 1

right atrium

R heart, 2

caudal vena cava

R heart, 3

aorta

R heart, 4

right azygous vein (opening into cranial vena cava)

in the ascending aorta (just above aortic valve after it leaves the left ventricle) are the __

aortic sinuses

the first branch of the aorta is the __

right and left coronary arteries

continuation of ascending aorta

aortic arch

brachiocephalic trunk

the brachiocephalic trunk gives rise to the __

L common carotid artery, R common carotid artery, R subclavian artery

L common carotid artery

R common carotid artery

R subclavian artery

L subclavian artery

The R and L subclavian arteries supply __

neck, thoracic limb, cranial thoracic wall

descending aorta

abdominal aorta

aorta gives rise to __ (2)

brachiocephalic trunk, L subclavian artery

brachiocephalic trunk gives rise to __ (3)

common carotids, R subclavian

1

brachiocephalic trunk

2

left subclavian

3

right subclavian

4

internal thoracic artery

5

axillary artery

6

superficial cervical artery

7

vertebral artery

8

common carotid arteries

1

right subclavian artery

2

brachiocephalic trunk

3

left subclavian artery

4

common carotid arteries

5

costocervical trunk

6

vertebral artery

7

internal thoracic artery

8

brachial artery

9

deltoideus branch

10

external thoracic artery

11

superficial cervical artery

12

suprascapular artery

13

acrominal branch

14

ascending branch

the brachiocephalic trunk gives rise to __

R common carotid artery, L common carotid artery, R subclavian artery

the common carotid arteries give rise to __ (2)

internal carotid artery, external carotid artery

internal carotid artery supplies the __, external carotid artery supplies the __

brain, face

the __ artery is a direct continuation of the external carotid artery

maxillary

the circle is willis (arterial circle) is located __

ventral to hypothalamus circling infundibular stalk

the circle is willis (arterial circle) is formed by __

paired internal carotid artery and basilar artery

the circle of willis is a __ at the base of the brain

circulatory anastomosis

the basilar artery arises from the __ (2)

vertebral artery, ventral spinal artery

the circle of willis serves as a backup system for blood flow because __

if one artery becomes narrowed, other arteries can preserve cerebral perfusion (pressure) to prevent symptoms of ischemia

external jugular vein

brachiocephalic vein

cranial vena cava

the arterial system of thoracic limb arises from __ artery

subclavian

the __ artery is a direct continuation of subclavian

axillary

thoracic limb arteries: ? → ? → ? → ?

axillary → brachial → median → radial

thoracic limb veins: ? → ? → ?

cephalic; median → brachial → axillary

1

musculocutaneous n.

2

brachial vein

3 (right limb)

biceps brachii

4

tensor fasciae antebrachii

5

caudal cutaneous antebrachial nerve and collateral ulnar vessels

6

ulnar nerve

7

median nerve and brachial artery

8

median branch of superficial radial nerve

9

cephalic vein

10 (right limb)

pronator teres m.

11

medial cutaneous antebrachial nerve

12

flexor carpi radialis

13

superficial digital flexor

14

inconstant cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

15

accessory carpal bone