Year 1 - Biopsychology

Hypothalamus

________- regulates hunger, thirst, sleep and wakefulness.

Pituitary

________ glands- controls all other endocrine glands: influences growth, metabolism and regeneration.

Adrenal

________ glands- secrets adrenaline to prepare body for fight or flight response to help react to emergencies.

Ovaries

________ /testes- influences how your blood circulates and determines your mental vigor and sex drive.

Thymus

________- builds resistance to disease.

Synaptic transmission

________- action potential reaches the end of the presynaptic neuron and triggers the release of neurotransmitters from the vesicles.

spinal cord

The ________ is an extension of the brain and is responsible for reflex actions such as pulling away your hand from something hot.

Excitation

________- when a neurotransmitter such as adrenaline, increases the positive charge of the post synaptic neuron.

Inhibition

________- when a neurotransmitter such as serotonin, increases the negative charge of the post synaptic neuron.

Glands

________- an organ in the body that synthesises substances such as hormones.

Endocrine system

________- bodies major information systems that instructs glands to release hormones and carried towards target organs.

Sympathetic nervous system

________- Returns the body to its normal resting state.

synapse

The neurotransmitters diffuse across the ________ and bind to the receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.

Effects of hormone

________ produced- prepares body for fight or flight response.

brain

The ________ is the centre of all conscious awareness.

Neurotransmitters

________ are removed from the synapse by being broken down by enzymes.

nervous system

The ________- a specialised network of cells in the human body and is our primary internal communication system.

Parasympathetic nervous system

________- Involved inn preparing the body for a fight or flight response.

Excitatory neurotransmitters

________ make it more likely that the postsynaptic neuron will generate an action potential.

Thyroid gland

________- regulates energy and metabolism.

Effects of hormone

________ produced- increases positive emotions such as love.

The nervous system

a specialised network of cells in the human body and is our primary internal communication system

The two main functions of the Nervous System

1) To collect, process and respond to information in the environment

Central nervous system

made up from the brain and the spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

transmits messages via million s of neurons to and from the CNS

Autonomic nervous system

governs vital functions in the body such as breathing, heart rate, digestion, sexual arousal etc

Somatic Nervous System

controls muscle movement and receives information from sensory receptors

Parasympathetic nervous system

Involved inn preparing the body for a fight or flight response

Sympathetic nervous system

Returns the body to its normal resting state

Difference between somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system

the Somatic nervous system has sensory and motor pathways whereas the Autonomic Nervous System is purely motor

Sensory neurones

transmits sensory information from receptors via the spinal cord to the brain

Relay neurons

transmits information between neurons to allow for communication between different parts of the central nervous system

Motor neurons

transmits information to muscles and glands from the central nervous system

Synaptic transmission

action potential reaches the end of the presynaptic neuron and triggers the release of neurotransmitters from the vesicles

Excitation

when a neurotransmitter such as adrenaline, increases the positive charge of the post synaptic neuron

Inhibition

when a neurotransmitter such as serotonin, increases the negative charge of the post synaptic neuron

Distinguish between sensory and relay neurons

sensory neurons transmit sensory information from the receptors via the spinal cord, to the brain where as a relay neuron transmits information between neurons to allow communication between different parts of the central nervous system

Hypothalamus

regulates hunger, thirst, sleep and wakefulness

Thyroid gland

regulates energy and metabolism

Thymus

builds resistance to disease

Adrenal glands

secrets adrenaline to prepare body for fight or flight response to help react to emergencies

Ovaries / testes

influences how your blood circulates and determines your mental vigor and sex drive

Endocrine system

bodies major information systems that instructs glands to release hormones and carried towards target organs

Glands

an organ in the body that synthesises substances such as hormones

Example of a gland

hypothalamus

Hormone produced

oxytocin

Effects of hormone produced

increases positive emotions such as love

Example of gland

adrenal gland

Hormone produced

adrenaline

Effects of hormone produced

prepares body for fight or flight response