________ is poor nutrition that results from an insufficient or poorly balanced diet; those whose diets lack essential vitamins and other components often suffer from it.
New cards
2
Food and Agriculture Organization
According to the ________, or FAO, 795 million people on Earth are undernourished.
New cards
3
x axis
The ________ contains the information relating to the percent or number of individuals in each of the age groups.
New cards
4
ocean currents
A clam, for example, produces millions of eggs, but the larvae are highly vulnerable to dying off from ________ and predators.
New cards
5
America
Feeding ________ receives food from food processors and distributors and redistributes it via food banks.
New cards
6
Thomas Malthus
In 1794, ________ wrote An Essay on the Principle of Population.
New cards
7
Green Revolution
When the ________ took place in the 1950s and 1960s, the rapid increase in global food supply was again followed by rapid population growth.
New cards
8
environmental resistance
Harsh living conditions can be considered ________, an umbrella term for conditions that slow a populations growth.
New cards
9
macronutrients
Some nutrients, or ________, are needed in large amounts.
New cards
10
Uniform dispersion
________ is often the result of competition for resources in an ecosystem.
New cards
11
II Mortality
Type ________ and survival rates are fairly constant throughout life.
New cards
12
birth rate
The replacement ________ of a human population refers to the number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population.
New cards
13
Total fertility rates
________ are predictions that provide a rough estimate, but they cant be depended on because they assume that the conditions of the past will be the conditions of the future.
New cards
14
maximum population
The carrying capacity (K) of a particular species in a particular environment is defined as the ________ size for the species that can sustainably be supported by the available resources in that environment.
New cards
15
demographic transition model
The ________ is used to predict population trends based on the birth and death rates of a population.
New cards
16
Uniform
________: The members of the population are ________ spaced throughout their geographic region.
New cards
17
demographic transition
When a population moves from the first state to the second state, the process is called ________.
New cards
18
resource depletion
If ________ is severe enough, the carrying capacity of the environment may be lowered.
New cards
19
infant mortality rate
The ________ is the number of deaths of children under 1 year old per 1, 000 live births.
New cards
20
Population dispersion
________ is a little more complicated; this term refers to how individuals of a population are spaced within a region.
New cards
21
Uniform
The members of the population are uniformly spaced throughout their geographic region
New cards
22
Random
The position of each individual is not determined or influenced by the positions of the other members of the population
New cards
23
Clumped
The most common dispersion pattern for populations
New cards
24
Likewise, species can be divided into two groups based on their reproductive strategies
the r-selected pattern or the K-selected pattern
New cards
25
Heres the difference
r-selected organisms have populations below the carrying capacity of their environment, which means that population growth is constrained only by the species own biological limits
New cards
26
When we observe populations in their natural habitats, there are two patterns that are more specific and involve more factors than just overshoot and dieback
the boom-and-bust cycle and the predator-prey cycle
New cards
27
Some age-structure diagrams group humans into three categories by age
those who are pre-reproductive (0-14), those who are reproductive (15-44), and those who are post-reproductive (45 and older)
New cards
28
In this model, a population can experience zero population growth via two different means
as a result of high birth rates and high death rates; or as a result of low birth rates and low death rates
New cards
29
Preindustrial state
In this state, the population exhibits a slow rate of growth and has a high birth rate and high death rate because of harsh living conditions
New cards
30
Transitional state
In this second state, birth rates are high, but due to better food, water, and health care, death rates are lower
New cards
31
Industrial state
In the third state, population growth is still fairly high, but the birth rate drops, becoming similar to the death rate
New cards
32
Postindustrial state
In the final state, the population approaches and reaches a zero-growth rate
Studied by 6 people
