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Object-Oriented Programming
A programming paradigm that uses interacting objects.
Program Specification
A description of a task.
Program Design
A written plan, an overview of the solution.
Program Implementation
The actual code written to fulfill the program design.
Test Data
Input used to test the program's functionality.
Program Maintenance
The process of keeping the program up to date and functional.
Top-Down Development
A development approach that involves implementing main classes first, followed by subsidiary classes.
Independent Class
A class that does not use other classes in its code.
Bottom-Up Development
A development strategy that involves implementing the lowest level, independent classes first.
Driver Class
A class used to test other classes, containing a main method.
Inheritance Relationship
An 'is-a' relationship between classes.
Composition Relationship
A 'has-a' relationship between classes.
Inheritance Hierarchy
A tree-like diagram representing inheritance relationships.
UML Diagram
A tree-like representation of relationships between classes in Unified Modeling Language.
Data Structure
A construct in Java for storing data fields.
Data Encapsulation
The practice of hiding data fields and methods within a class.
Stepwise Refinement
The process of breaking down methods into smaller, more manageable methods.
Procedural Abstraction
The use of separate methods to encapsulate specific tasks.
Algorithm
A step-by-step process used to solve a problem.
Stub Method
A dummy method called by another method during testing.
Debugging
The process of fixing errors within a program.
Robust Program
A program designed to screen out bad input.
Compile Time Error
An error, usually a syntax error, that prevents a program from compiling.
Syntax Error
An error caused by bad language usage, such as a missing brace.
Run Time Error
An error that occurs during the execution of a program, for example, integer division by zero.
Exception
A runtime error that is thrown by a Java method.
Logic Error
An error where the program runs but produces incorrect results.
Software Development
Writing a Program