BIG more anatomy for emt stuff

a-

without; not; absence of

angio-

blood vessel or lymph vessel; example: angioplasty = repair of a vessel

brady-

slow; example: bradycardia = slow heart rate

cardi(o)-

heart; example: cardiology = study of the heart

contra-

against or opposite; example: contraindication = reason not to do something

dermat(o)-

skin; example: dermatitis = skin inflammation

dys-

difficult, painful, or abnormal; example: dyspnea = difficulty breathing

gyne-

female or woman; example: gynecology = female reproductive medicine

hem(o)-

blood; example: hemorrhage = bleeding

hemat(o)-

blood; example: hematoma = collection of blood

hepat(o)-

liver; example: hepatitis = liver inflammation

hyper-

high or excessive; example: hypertension = high blood pressure

hypo-

low or below normal; example: hypoglycemia = low blood sugar

intra-

within; example: intravenous = within a vein

intro-

into or inward

latero-

side; example: lateral = toward the side

mal-

bad, poor, or abnormal; example: malfunction = bad function

my(o)-

muscle; example: myocardium = heart muscle

nephro-

kidney; example: nephritis = kidney inflammation

oligo-

few, little, or scanty; example: oliguria = low urine output

peri-

around; example: pericardium = sac around the heart

phag-

eat or swallow; example: dysphagia = difficulty swallowing

pneum(o)-

air or lung; example: pneumothorax = air in the chest cavity

poly-

many or excessive; example: polyuria = excessive urination

supra-

above; example: supraventricular = above the ventricles

tachy-

fast; example: tachycardia = fast heart rate

cyano-

blue; example: cyanosis = bluish skin color

leuk-

white; example: leukocyte = white blood cell

erythr/o-

red; example: erythrocyte = red blood cell

melan/o-

black or dark; example: melena = black, tarry stool

-emia

blood condition; example: hypoglycemia = low sugar condition in the blood

-itis

inflammation; example: appendicitis = appendix inflammation

-lysis

breakdown or destruction; example: hemolysis = breakdown of red blood cells

-megaly

enlargement; example: hepatomegaly = enlarged liver

-ostomy

surgical opening; example: colostomy = opening into the colon

-phagia

eating or swallowing; example: dysphagia = difficulty swallowing

-phasia

speech; example: dysphasia = difficulty speaking

-plegia

paralysis; example: hemiplegia = paralysis on one side

-pnea

breathing; example: apnea = no breathing

-rrhagia

excessive bleeding or flow; example: hemorrhage = excessive bleeding

-uria

urine or urination; example: hematuria = blood in urine

-cyte

cell; example: leukocyte = white blood cell

Abrasion

scrape or rubbing away of the skin

Bradycardia

slow heart rate

Bradypnea

slow breathing rate

Cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder

Contusion

bruise

Crackles

abnormal popping lung sounds, often from fluid in the lungs

Dyspepsia

indigestion or upset stomach

Dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

Dysphasia

difficulty speaking or using language

Dyspnea

difficulty breathing or shortness of breath

Embolism

blockage caused by something traveling through the bloodstream

Epistaxis

nosebleed

Hematochezia

bright red blood in the stool

Hematoma

collection of blood under the skin or in tissue

Hematuria

blood in the urine

Hemoptysis

coughing up blood

Hemorrhage

heavy or uncontrolled bleeding

Homeostasis

stable internal balance in the body

Hypertension

high blood pressure

Hyperthermia

high body temperature

Hypoperfusion

inadequate blood flow to body tissues; shock

Hypotension

low blood pressure

Hypothermia

low body temperature

Hypoxia

low oxygen in the body tissues

Infarction

tissue death from lack of blood supply

Ischemia

reduced blood flow and oxygen to tissue

Laceration

cut or tear in the skin

Melena

black, tarry stool from digested blood

Mydriasis

dilated or enlarged pupils

Myocardial infarction

heart attack; death of heart muscle from lack of blood flow

Myosis or miosis

constricted or small pupils

Perfusion

blood flow through body tissues

Polydipsia

excessive thirst

Polyphagia

excessive hunger or eating

Polyuria

excessive urination

Renal calculi

kidney stones

Rhonchi

low-pitched rattling lung sounds, often from mucus

Stridor

high-pitched upper airway sound

Tachycardia

fast heart rate

Tachypnea

fast breathing rate

Thrombus

blood clot that stays where it formed

TIA

transient ischemic attack; temporary stroke-like symptoms

Wheezing

high-pitched whistling sound from narrowed lower airways

Anterior

front of the body

Posterior

back of the body

Ventral

front or belly side of the body

Dorsal

back side of the body; same as posterior

Distal

farther from where a limb attaches to the body

Proximal

closer to where a limb attaches to the body

Inferior

toward the feet or below another structure

Superior

toward the head or above another structure

Lateral

away from the midline of the body

Medial

toward the midline of the body

Coronal plane

divides the body into front and back sections

Transverse plane

divides the body into upper and lower sections

Sagittal plane

divides the body into left and right sections

Bilateral

on both sides of the body

Ipsilateral

on the same side of the body