Nelson Biology 11- unit 1: Diversity

Monotremes

Mammals that lay eggs

External fertilization

Distinguishes amphibians from reptiles

Coelomates

Animals with space between organs

Acoelomates

Animals with no space between organs

Mantle

Membrane around the interior organs of a mollusc

Agnathans (lampreys), Chondrichthyes (cariledge), Osteichthyes (boney fish)

What are the three classes of fish

Monotremes, marsupials, placental animals

The three classes of mammals

Distinct nervous and muscle tissue

Distinct trait of animals

Number of body layers, symmetry, body cavity (coelom), Segmentation, movement, reproduction (external or internal fertilization)

6 Important classification traits of animals

Basidium

Structure on a club fungi

Basidiocarps

fruiting bodies on a club fungi

Imperfect fungi, chytrids, zygospores, sac fungi, club fungi

Types of fungi

Chrytids

Fungi with zoospores

Imperfect fungi

Asexual fungi

Zygospores

Fungi that grows in unfavorable conditions, they reproduce through spores

Sac fungi

Fungi that produces sexual spores in sacs, they can also reproduce asexually

Club fungi

Fungi defined by their structure called a basidium that produces fruiting bodies called basidiocarps

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species

8 ranks of classification

Morphology

Classifying organisms based on their physical and physiological traits

Biological concept

Classifying organisms based off of whether or not they can produce fertile offspring

Phylogeny

Classifying organisms based off of their evolutionary history

Bacteria, Archea, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, animalia

The six kingdoms

Bacteria, Archea, Eukarya

The three domains

Caspid

Protein coast surrounding the DNA of a virus

Attatchment, entry, provirus formation (viral DNA joins host cells chromosome), Replication, lysis

Phases of the lytic cycle

Lysogenic cycle

In between provirus formation and replication, cell remains dormant with virus inside

Viroids

Genetic virus material with no protein coat

Prions

All protein shell,no genetic material

Halophiles

Salt-loving archea

Methanogens

Anaerobe archaea that make methane as a waste product. They live in landfills, sewage, swamps, etc.

Thermophiles

Heat loving anaerobe archea

Cuccus

Spherical bacteria

bacillus

rod shaped bacteria

Spiralum

Spiral shaped bacteria

Di-

Prefix for pairs of bacteria

Staphyl-

Prefix for clusters of bacteria

Strepto-

Prefix for chains of bacteria

Chemosynthetic

A bacteria that breaks down chemicals for energy

Binary fission

Cell division for prokaryotes

Conjugation tube

Tube that transports genetic information in sexual bacteria reproduction

Conjugative plasmid

Genetic information being transferred during sexual bacteria reproduction