Marine Science Vocab Chap 3.1

Polar

In molecules, having two ends of a molecule with opposite charges

Temperature

The average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Measured in degrees (C, K, F) usually with a thermometer

Heat

The total kinetic energy, in calories, of all the particles in a substance or object

Calories

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree

Evaporation- The escape of molecules from the liquid phase into the gaseous phase.

Density

The mass of a given volume of a substance

Specific Heat

The amount of energy required to raise a mass of substance one degree Celsius

Heat Capacity

The amount of heat that must be added to a substance to raise its temperature by a given amount, which reflects the substance’s ability to store heat

Evaporative Cooling

The lower speed and hence lower temperature of molecules remaining in the liquid phase after evaporation of the fastest molecules

Cohesion

The sticking together of particles of the same substance

Surface Tension

The elastic tendency of liquid

Adhesion

The sticking together of particles of different substances

Viscosity

A liquid’s resistance to flow. The higher the viscosity, the higher the resistance to flow

Salts

A substance that consists of ions that have opposite electrical charges

Ions

An atom or a group of atoms that is electrically charged

Dissociation

The breaking up of a salt molecule into ions when placed in water or other solvents