vid 12 unequal electron sharing

electronegativity

represented as χ, ability of element in covalent bond to attract the bonding electrons, creating polarity

polarity happens between atoms with

difference in electronegativity of 0.5 to 1.9

calculate polar or non polar with

Δχ

lewis structure construction process

determine total # of valence electrons,

add negative charges and subtract positive charges if they exist

build skeleton structure - group 14, 15, 16 usually central, hydrogen and group 17 terminal

check for each noble gas configuration

elements of 3rd period and below have

more than 4 valence orbitals and can hold more than 8 electrons

electron deficiency

B and C with positive charge, can hold less than 8 electrons

odd electron species

contain an unpaired electron, can hold less than 8 electrons - paramagnetic “free radicals”