CBMT PREP - LISA JAN 2026

SOAP Documentation

S - Subjective

O - Objective

A - Assessment

P - Plan

APIE Documentation

A - Assessment

P - Plan

I - Intervention

E - Evaluation

Order of Treatment (RAPID-T)

R - Referral

A - Assessment

P - Planning

I - Implementing

D - Documenting

T - Terminating

SMART Goals

S - Specific

M - Measurable

A - Achievable

R - Realistic

T - Time-bound

Disengagement Theory

Defines the aging process as a period of mutual separation between the old and the young (society)

Spinal Meningitis

Infection of fluid and membrane around the brain and spinal cord

Spina Bifida

Birth defect; incomplete formation of brain, spinal cord, and/or meninges

Meninges

The 3 membranes that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord

Monoplegia

Paralysis of 1 limb

Diplegia

Paralysis of 2 limbs

Hemiplegia

Paralysis of half of the body (usually left or right side)

Paraplegia

Paralysis of lower half of the body

Quadriplegia

Paralysis of everything below the neck

Huntington's Disease

Fatal, genetic disease that causes nerve cells in the brain to decay over time. Results in uncontrolled muscle movements, trouble with cognition, and mental health issues

Parkinson's Disease

Neurodegenerative; causes tremors, slowness, stiffness, and walking and balance problems

Comorbidity

Simultaneous presence of 2 or more diseases or medical conditions in a patient

Maladaptive Behavior

Behavior that is an ineffective way of coping with stressors; interferes with ADLs

Dysphagia

Difficulty swallowing

Dysarthria

Difficulty speaking or articulating, resulting in slurred words

Dyspraxia

Inability to plan, organize, and coordinate movement

Dyspnea

Difficulty breathing

Aphasia

Difficulty comprehending or formulating language

Ataxia

Poor muscle control causing clumsy movement

Atonia

No or flaccid muscle tone

Gustatory

Sense of taste

Dys -

Difficulty

- phagia

Swallowing

- arthria

Joints, limbs

- praxia

To do

- pnea

Breathing

- phasia

Speech

- itis

Inflammation/infection

Proprioceptive System

The body's internal sense of position and movement of our limbs and trunk

Sensorimotor Skills

Process of receiving sensory messages/input and producing a response (motor output)

Vestibular System

Sensory system that creates a sense of balance and spatial orientation for the function of coordinating movement with balance

Vibroacoustic

Auditory input; vibrotactile stimulation

Positive Reinforcement

Increases target behavior by adding something desirable

Negative Reinforcement

Increases target behavior by removing an aversive stimulus

Positive Punishment

Decreases target behavior by adding an aversive stimulus

Negative Punishment

Decreases target behavior by removing a desirable stimulus

Shaping

Gradually changing behavior by reinforcing actions that move toward a desired goal

Sequencing

Performing actions in a specific/certain order

Chaining

Actions are broken down into smaller, sequential steps that are taught individually until the whole sequence can be performed smoothly

Fading

Gradually reducing/removing prompts to allow the client learning new skills to eventually perform the behavior themselves without constant support

Scale Degrees

I - Tonic

II - Supertonic

III - Mediant

IV - Subdominant

V - Dominant

VI - Submediant

VII - Leading tone/subtonic

Selective Attention

The ability to focus on a specific thing while ignoring other distractions

Sustained Attention

The ability to focus on one thing for a continuous period of time

Non-Associative Memory

Type of non-declarative or implicit memory that refers to a newly learned behavior through repeated exposure to an isolated stimulus

Working Memory

Form of short-term memory that helps you store information and solve problems

Circle of 5ths

C, G, D, A, E, B, F#, C#, Ab, Eb, Bb, F

Prospective Memory

Form of memory that involves remembering to perform a planned action or recall a planned intention at some future point in time

Short-Term Memory

Stores information for a few seconds to minutes; easily accessible

Long-Term Memory

Stores information for years

Implicit Memory

Long-term memory; unconscious

Explicit Memory

Long-term memory; conscious

Dominant 7th Chord

Major triad + minor 7

Major 7th Chord

Major triad + major 7

Minor 7th Chord

Minor triad + minor 7

Minor-Major 7th Chord

Minor triad + major 7

Half-Diminished 7th Chord

Diminished triad + minor 7

Fully-Diminished 7th Chord

Diminished triad + diminished 7

Sensory Memory

Stores information from your senses for a few seconds; not consciously controlled

Clave Rhythm, Tango Rhythm, and Cha-Cha Rhythm

3/2, 3-3-2, 4/4

12-Bar Blues

I (x4), IV (x2), I (x2), V, IV, I (x2)

Episodic

Helps recall past events, recent or distant

Semantic

Helps remember meanings of words or remember facts

Blues Scale

1, b3, 4, b5, 5, b6, 1

Neurologic Approach

Neuroscience, dealing with brain chemistry, impulses, and nervous system

Cognitive Approach

Emphasis on targeting cognition skills like problem-solving, memory, and attention

Culture-Centered Approach

Behaviors are learned and displayed; cultural context is necessary to understand behavior

Developmental Approach

Emphasis on changes in life; studies how a person develops from infancy to adulthood

Psychodynamic Approach

Past influences the present behaviors; emphasis on trauma, unconscious reflexes, and emotional development

Behavioral Approach

Environment influences behavior

Holistic Approach

Focuses on the person as a whole

Humanistic Approach

Under the holistic umbrella; focuses on individual uniqueness, human nature, choices, and expression of feelings/thoughts

Divided Attention

"Multitasking"; ability to focus on multiple things at the same time

Alternating Attention

Ability to switch between tasks without losing focus on one task while working on the other

Cognitive-Behavioral Approach

How thinking affects behavior; emphasis on changing negative thought patterns

Reality Approach

Form of CBT; focuses on improving present relationships and circumstances

Existential Approach

Emphasis on free will, self determination, and search for meaning

Psychoanalytic Approach

Under the psychodynamic umbrella; analyzes trauma and the subconscious; usually very intense

Musical Executive Function Training (MEFT)

Use of improvisation and composition exercises to practice executive function skills

Associative Mood or Memory Training (AMMT)

Involves musical mood induction techniques to instate a mood congruent mood state to facilitate memory recall OR to access associative mood and memory function through inducing a positive emotional state in the learning and recall process

Musical Attention Control Training (MACT)

Involves structured musical exercises; musical elements cue different musical responses to practice sustained, selective, divided, and alternating attention functions

Musical Mnemonics Training (MMT)

Use of musical exercises to address various memory encoding and decoding/recall functions

Auditory Perception Training (APT)

Use of musical exercises to discriminate and identify different components

Musical Neglect Training (MNT)

Involves active performance exercises on musical instruments to focus attention to neglected or unattended visual field

Musical Sensory Orientation Training (MSOT)

Use of music to stimulate arousal and recovery of wake states and to facilitate meaningful responsiveness and orientation to time, place, and person

Symbolic Communication Training Through Music (SYCOM)

Use of musical performance exercises using structured instrumental or vocal improv to train communication behavior

Developmental Speech and Language Training Through Music (DSLM)

Specific use of developmentally appropriate musical materials and experiences to enhance speech and language development through combination of music, speech, and movement

Oral Motor and Respiratory Exercises (OMREX)

Use of musical materials and exercises, mainly through sound vocalization and wind instrument playing, to enhance articulatory control, respiratory strength, and function of the speech apparatus

Therapeutic Singing (TS)

Technique which involves the unspecified use of singing activities to facilitate initiation, development, and articulation in speech and language as well as to increase functions of the respiratory apparatus

Vocal Intonation Therapy (VIT)

Use of intoned phrases simulating the prosody, inflection, and pacing of normal speech; done through vocal exercises which train all aspects of voice control

Rhythmic Speech Cuing (RSC)

Use of rhythmic cuing to control the initiation and rate of speech through cuing and pacing

Musical Speech Stimulation (MUSTIM)

Use of musical materials simulating prosodic speech gestures to stimulate non-propositional speech

Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT)

Technique developed for expressive aphasia rehab which utilizes a patient's unimpaired ability to sing, to facilitate spontaneous and voluntary speech through sung and chanted melodies which resemble natural speech intonation patterns

Therapeutic Instrumental Music Performance (TIMP)

Playing of musical instruments in order to exercise and stimulate functional movement patterns

Patterned Sensory Enhancement (PSE)

Technique which uses the rhythmic, melodic, harmonic, and dynamic-acoustical elements of music to provide temporal, spatial, and force cues for movements to reflect ADLs

Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS)

Neurologic technique uses to facilitate the rehab of movements that are intrinsically biologically rhythmic

Orff-Schulwerk Method

Uses music to improvise the learning ability of children; emphasizes active approach to improved interaction between pt and other people