Chapter 4 CJ

The vast majority of American law enforcement agencies are

local

The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in

England

According to Sir Robert Peel, the main function of the police was to prevent crime by which method?

preventive patrol

Early American citizens ________ the formation of the first police departments.

resisted

Which was the first American city to create a paid and unified municipal police force?

New York

Which of the following characteristics of today's police was taken up by municipal police officers after the American Civil War?

They began to wear uniforms.

How did people maintain order and defend against criminals on the American frontier?

They engaged in vigilantism

Which of the following is one of the principles advocated by August Vollmer to professionalize American policing?

Education is a key ingredient in professionalizing policing.

By the 1970s, research began to show that

unattended disorderly behavior is a signal to more serious criminals that they can move in and operate with impunity.

Which of the following statements about community policing is TRUE?

Community policing called for a shift from incident-based crime fighting to a problem-oriented approach.

Who were the first federal law enforcement agents in the United States?

the U.S. Marshals

Why was the U.S. Secret Service created?

to combat counterfeiting

Which of the following U.S. Presidents created the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)?

Richard Nixon

The federal law that began the War on Drugs in the U.S. was the __________.

Harrison Act

The majority of public law enforcement agencies are considered to be _________.

local police agencies

Breaking up a fight, holding back a crowd at a sporting event, or intervening in a domestic dispute before it gets violent are examples of the police duty of

order maintenance.

Taking people to the hospital, escorting funeral processions, delivering mail for city officials, or chasing bats out of a caller's house are examples of the police duty of

service

Which of the following is an example of the police duty of law enforcement?

testifying in court

Most county sheriffs are

elected by the voters of the county.

Which of the following officials is responsible for providing civil process services for the court?

Sheriffs

The only state in the U.S. that does NOT have a state policing agency is _______.

Hawaii

According to the Homeland Security Act of 2002, which of the following agencies or organizations has the "primary responsibility for investigating and prosecuting acts of terrorism"?

federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies

What is currently the top priority of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)?

being an intelligence and counterterrorism agency

Identify a true statement about proprietary security agents.

They provide services only for the agency that employs them.

________ is a model of state law enforcement services in which the agency and its officers have the same law enforcement powers as local police anywhere within the state.

The state police model