Cells

What is Cell Theory?

Cell Theory is a fundamental concept in biology that states: 1) All living organisms are composed of cells, 2) The cell is the basic unit of life, 3) All cells arise from pre-existing cells.

What is Osmosis?

Osmosis is the passive transport process in which water molecules move across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

What is Diffusion?

Diffusion is the passive transport process involving the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

What are the differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, whereas Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

What is Fermentation?

Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugars to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen.

What is Aerobic Respiration?

Aerobic respiration is the process of producing cellular energy in the presence of oxygen by breaking down glucose.

What is ATP?

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the energy carrier molecule in cells that stores and transports chemical energy for cellular processes.

What is Photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with carbon dioxide and water.

What is Endocytosis?

Endocytosis is an active transport process where cells engulf substances, including Phagocytosis (cellular eating) and Pinocytosis (cellular drinking).

What is Exocytosis?

Exocytosis is an active transport process in which cells expel particles or substances by enclosing them in vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

What is the SA / Vol ratio?

The surface area to volume ratio (SA/Vol ratio) is a key factor that affects the efficiency of transport processes in microscopic organisms; a higher ratio enables better absorption of nutrients and other materials.

What are the parts of the Cell membrane?

The cell membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer, proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol, which help regulate what enters and exits the cell.

What are different methods used for food preservation?

Food preservation methods include refrigeration, freezing, canning, drying, fermentation, and the use of preservatives.

What are the main differences between Plant and Animal cells?

Plant cells have chloroplasts, a cell wall, and large central vacuoles, while animal cells lack these structures.

What are Autotrophs?

Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

What are Heterotrophs?

Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and depend on other organic substances for nutrition.

What is the Scientific Method?

The Scientific Method is a systematic approach to research that involves making observations, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.

What are the different types of microbes?

Microbes include bacteria, viruses, fungi (like yeasts), and protozoa, which play various roles in ecosystems, including decomposition.

What is the role of decomposers?

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

What is Mitosis?

Mitosis is the process by which a single cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells for growth and repair.

What is Binary Fission?

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotic cells, where one cell divides into two identical cells.

What are the differences between Mitosis and Binary Fission?

Mitosis occurs in eukaryotic cells and involves multiple stages, while binary fission is simpler and occurs in prokaryotic cells as a single step process.