Protein Structure and Function Vocabulary

A set of vocabulary flashcards defining key terms related to protein monomers, 3-D structure levels, and function examples from the lecture notes.

Amino Acids

The 20 different monomers that join together via peptide bonds to construct proteins.

Peptide Bonds

The chemical bonds that join amino acids together in a polypeptide.

Enzymes

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells to make processes occur quicker.

Primary Structure

The specific order or sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Secondary Structure

The initial folding of a polypeptide chain into local structures such as an alpha helix or beta pleated sheets.

Tertiary Structure

The specific 3-D shape resulting from complex folding, where most proteins become functional.

Quaternary Structure

The protein structure formed when two or more polypeptides, each with its own structure, bond together into a complex protein.

Sickle Cell

A condition caused by a single wrong amino acid at position 6 in the primary structure of hemoglobin, altering its form and function.

Hemoglobin

A complex protein made up of $\beta$ chains, $\times$ chains, iron, and heme.

Collagen

A protein consisting of polypeptide chains that illustrates how a distinct form delivers a distinct function.