Lab 1 ULM A&P

What is a nontropic Hormone?

A hormone that have a direct effect on their target tissue.

What is a tropic hormone?

A hormone that causes the release of another hormone.

Pineal Gland

Hypothalamus

Pituitary gland

Pancreas

Posterior lobe of pituitary gland (neurohypophysis)

Anterior Lobe of the Pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Thyroid Gland

Adrenal Gland

Kidney

Testes

Pancreas

Parathyroid

Ovaries

Thyroid

Parathyroid

What is the general function of Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)?

Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL)

What is the general function Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

What is the general function Gonaciotropin-releasing hormone

Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

What is the general function of Growth hormone-releasing hormone?

Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete growth hormone (GH)

What is the general function of Somatostatin (Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GIHIH))

Inhibits anterior pituitary secretion of growth hormone (GH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

What is the general function of Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)

Inhibits anterior pituitary secretion of prolactin (PRL)

What is the general function of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Water retention by kidney to help prevent dehydration

Oxytocin (OT)

Labor contractions; milk ejection in lactating mothers.

What is the general function of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Thyroid gland growth and secretion of thyroid hormone.

What is the general function of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Adrenal cortex growth and secretion of glucocorticoids.

What is the general function of Prolactin (PRL)

Synthesis of milk in females and increases sensitivity of LH in males

What is the general function of Growth Hormone (GH)

Mitosis differentiation, and growth of tissue.

What is the general function of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Follicle growth and secretion of estrogen in ovaries and sperm production in testes

What is the general function of Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Ovulation and progestogen production in the ovaries and testosterone production.

Where are releasing and inhibiting hormones located and where is there target tissue?

The hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland.

Where is Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin made and stored?

The antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are made in the hypothalamus but stored and released in the posterior pituitary gland.

Where is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stored?

Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Where is adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) stored?

Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Where is Prolactin stored (PRL)?

Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Where is Growth Hormone (GH) made?

Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Where is Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stored?

Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Where is Luteinizing Hormone (LH) stored?

Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

What does melatonin do?

Plays role in sleep/wake cycle

Where is melatonin stored?

Pineal gland

What does thymosin do?

Stimulates the maturation of T-cells.

Where is thymosin stored?

Thymus Gland

What does T3 and T4 do?

Regulate metabolic rate, thermoregulation, and promote growth and development.

Where is T3 and T4 produced?

Follicular cells of thyroid gland.

What does calcitonin do?

Decrease blood calcium levels

Where is calcitonin produced?

Parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland.

What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do?

Increases blood calcium levels.

Where is parathyroid hormone (PTH) produced?

Parathyroid Gland

Where is zona glomerulosa, fasciculata, and reticularis located?

Adrenal Gland (adrenal cortex)

What does Zona glomerulosa produce?

Mineralocorticoids

What does Zona fasciculata produce?

Cortisol (glucocorticoids)

What does the Zona reticularis produce?

Androgen (Testosterone/Estrogen)

Where is Epinephrine and Norepinephrine produced?

Adrenal Medulla of the Adrenal Gland

Where is alpha, beta, and delta cells located?

Pancreatic Islet

What do Alpha Cells produce?

Glucagon

What do Beta Cells produce?

Insulin

What do Delta cells produce?

Somatostatin

What does somatostatin do?

Regulates the release of glucagon and insulin.

Where is estrogen and progesterone produced?

Ovaries

What hormone disorder is associated with the hypersecretion of glucocorticoids (cortisol)?

Cushing’s Syndrome

What Hormone disorder is associated with hyposecretion of Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)

Addison’s Disease

What Hormone Disorder is associated with the hypersecretion of Growth Hormone during as a kid?

Gigantism

What Hormone Disorder is associated with the hypersecretion of growth hormone as an adult?

Acromegaly

What hormone disorder is associated with the hyposecretion of growth hormone?

Dwarfism

What hormone disorder is associated with hypersecretion of thyroid hormone?

Graves’ Disease

What hormone disease is associated with the hyposecretion of thyroid hormone as a child?

Cretinism

What hormone disorder is associated with the hyposecretion of thyroid hormone as an adult?

Myxedema

What hormone disorder is associated with the hypersecretions of parathyroid hormone?

Hypercalcemia

What hormone disorder is associated with the hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone?

hypocalcemia

Adrenal Cortex

Adrenal Gland

Adrenal Medulla

Anterior Lobe of pituitary gland (Adenohypophysis)

Antrum

Capsule

Chromaffin Cells

Colloid

Exocrine Cells

Follicle

Follicular Cells

Granulosa Cells

Hypothalamus

Infundibulum

Intestinal Cells

Lumen

Oocyte

Ovaries

Follicular Cells

Colloid

Oxyphil Cells

Pancreas

Pancreatic Islet

Parafollicular Cells/C Cells

Parathyroid Gland

Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary gland)

Primordial Follicles

Seminiferous

Spermatogonia

Testes