Reproductive Toxicology: Gossypol, Zearalenone, and Toxins in Livestock Cartes | Quizlet

Why is reproduction critical in living systems?

It is required for species survival.

What are some effects of toxicants on livestock?

Toxicant-induced abortions, congenital defects, and infertility.

How can industrial chemicals affect wildlife?

They can impair fertility and lead to declining populations.

What is the focus of toxicology involving reproductive toxicity?

It involves understanding the effects of toxins on reproduction and endocrine disruption.

What are some alterations in sexual behavior due to toxins?

Decreased libido, impotence, infertility, and chromosomal abnormalities.

What is gossypol and where is it found?

Gossypol is a toxin found mainly in the seeds and roots of the cotton plant.

What factors affect gossypol content in cotton?

Variety of the cotton plant, temperature, rainfall, and oil extraction method.

Which species are more susceptible to gossypol toxicity?

Rabbits, pigs, dogs, rats, and humans.

What were the effects of gossypol on Holstein calves in a study?

100 and 200 ppm showed no toxicity; 400 ppm showed signs; 800 ppm caused deaths.

What are some signs of gossypol poisoning?

Anorexia, weakness, growth depression, dyspnoea, and reproductive problems.

What is zearalenone and its source?

A toxin produced by Fusarium species found in corn and wheat.

What syndrome is associated with zearalenone exposure?

Hyperestrogenic syndrome.

What teratogenic effects are caused by tobacco (Nicotiana spp.)?

Arthrogryposis, a deformity of the limbs.

What are the effects of Conium maculatum (hemlock)?

Toxic to all species, causing tremors, ataxia, and respiratory paralysis.

What is the toxic agent in Cupressus?

Isocupresic acid.

What effects can Juniperus have on livestock?

GI disorders, muscle tremors, and abortions.

What are the symptoms of selenium poisoning?

Blind staggers, wandering, stumbling, and hoof deformities.

What is the difference between acute and chronic selenium toxicity?

Acute toxicity leads to rapid death; chronic toxicity causes long-term neurological issues.

What reproductive losses can occur due to toxic exposure?

Abortions at any stage of pregnancy and weak, impaired newborns.

What is Swainsonian Locoism?

A condition caused by toxins that can affect livestock, leading to various health issues.

How does gossypol affect male reproductive health?

It decreases sperm production and alters semen morphology.

What are the signs of gossypol toxicity in females?

Possible inhibition of embryonic development and decreased fertility.

What is the significance of understanding reproductive toxins?

To mitigate their impact on livestock production and wildlife conservation.

What are the effects of locoweed consumption in animals?

Weight loss, nervous signs, and reproductive losses.

What is the role of selenium in livestock health?

It can prevent white muscle disease but can be toxic in high amounts.

What are the common signs of acute selenium toxicity?

Death within hours, particularly in cattle and sheep.

What is the impact of reproductive toxins on livestock economics?

Reproductive losses are a major economic impact due to decreased productivity.

What can happen to newborns exposed to reproductive toxins?

They may be weak, small, and unable to nurse properly.