Understanding Epigenetics and Addiction

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary related to genetics, epigenetics, addiction, and mental health as discussed in the lecture.

Genetic predisposition

An inherited tendency to develop certain traits or behaviors, such as addiction.

Tolerance curve

A graph representing the relationship between the amount of a substance consumed and the body's response, which may decline in individuals with high genetic tolerance.

Psychoactive drug

A substance that alters perception, mood, or consciousness.

Epigenetics

The study of changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence.

DNA methylation

A biochemical process that adds a methyl group to DNA, often suppressing gene expression.

CRISPR-Cas9

A genetic engineering technology that can be used to edit DNA sequences and modify gene function.

Neuroplasticity

The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A type of psychotherapy that helps individuals manage their problems by changing negative thought patterns and behaviors.

Dysregulation

An impairment in the regulation of emotions, behaviors, or physiological processes, often linked to mental health conditions.

Biomarkers

Biological indicators used to measure and evaluate the progress of diseases, conditions, or responses to treatments.

Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions in a changing environment.

Intergenerational inheritance

The passing of certain traits or genetic markers from one generation to the next.

Addiction vulnerability

An increased susceptibility to developing addiction due to genetic or environmental factors.

Environmental factors

External elements or influences that can affect biological processes, such as stress, diet, and trauma.

Substance Use Disorder (SUD)

A medical condition characterized by an individual's inability to control their use of substances, leading to significant impairment or distress.

Biochemical imbalance

An irregular concentration of neurotransmitters or hormones in the brain, often linked to mental health disorders.

Gene-environment interaction

The interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental factors that influence behavior or disease.

Designer babies

Babies whose genetic characteristics are artificially selected or modified through genetic engineering techniques.