Environmental Systems Unit 6 Practice Test Study Guide

Drip

_ irrigation delivers water directly to plant roots, making it more efficient.

Clear Cutting

____ is the least environmentally sustainable type of logging.

malnourished

When people lack adequate nutrients in their diets to be healthy, they are ______.

deforestation

The temporary or permanent removal of forests for human use is ____.

unsustainable practices

Natural capital degradation is often the result of ____.

The green revolution

___ is responsible for feeding millions of people.

Pollution prevention

_____ is one of the best ways to avoid natural capital degradation of land resources.

less

GMO crops usually require ___ pesticide.

Many policymakers use _____ to make decisions.

Cost-benefit analysis

Biotechnology

a type of engineering that introduces new genes in organisms

arable land

land that is suitable for crops

food security

adequate and reliable supply

GMO

An organism that has been scientifically modified to produce an organism better suited for human use.

indirect

The desertification of an area from deforestation due to mining gold would be a(n) ___ cost of the gold.

mining

The process of removing minerals from the earth's crust is _____.

natural service

The nitrogen and carbon cycles are each an example of a ___.

GMO crops usually ___ biodiversity.

decrease

Crop rotation

___ allows for both the tillage of green manure and a decrease in disease.

cow

Of the following animals, the ___ produces the most greenhouse gases.

Natural resource

Phosphorous mined to be used as a fertilizer is an example of a ___.

the green revolution

The introduction of industrial agriculture methods as well as engineered crop varieties to developing countries is ___.

5%

Good topsoil consists of ___ organic matter.

to make less or harmful

migitate

industrial agriculture

Farming that uses machinery, synthetic chemicals, and irrigation is ___.

subsidence

the process of ground collapsing above underground mines

green manure

freshly cut vegetation that gets tilled into the earth

compost

decayed organic material used as a plant fertilizer.

___ is a method of mining used to extract minerals directly beneath the ground.

strip mining

____ are a renewable resource.

forests

Define the term lithification.

the process of particles cementing together to form rock

Excessive ___ can lead to salinization and waterlogging.

irrigation