Describe Olfaction

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9 Terms

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Olfaction

detect ordorants dissolved in air

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Odorants (volatile molecules)

  • dissolved in nasal mucus detected by chemoreceptors

  • info about food, people, danger

  • distinguish thousands of odors

  • detected by olfactory receptor cells

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Olfactory epithelium

  • sensory receptor organ

  • superior region of nasal cavity

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Basal cells

  • continually replace olfactory receptor cells

  • replacement and sensitivity receptors decline with aging

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Olfactory (Bowman) Glands

help form mucus covering olfactory epithelium

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Olfactory receptor cells

  • primary neuron in sensory smell pathway

  • bipolar structure: single dendrite and unmyelinated axon

  • detect odorants

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Olfactory hairs

  • cilia projecting from receptor cell dendrite

  • house chemoreceptors for specific odorants

  • perceived smell depends on cell stimulated

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Olfactory nerves

  • CN I

  • bundles of olfactory cell axons

  • project through skull’s cribriform plate, enter olfactory bulbs

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Detecting smells

  • sniff repeatedly or breath deeply

  • mucus contains odorant-bind proteins

  • odorant binds to protein → stimulates receptor cell → cerebral cortex (perceive, id smell) → hypothalamus (visceral reaction to smell) → amygdala (smell recognition, emotional reaction)