rome quiz

monarchy

753-509 BCE

republic

509-27 BCE

empire

27-476 CE

foundation of rome

april 21, 753 BCE

pietas

dutifulness

clementia

mercy

iustita

justice/fairness

pudor

morality/chastity

fides

loyalty

industria

diligence, hardworking

gravitas

seriousness, maturity

constantia

steadfastness, dependability

temperantia

self-control

prudentia

good sense/practical wisdom

libertas

the civil protections afforded to citizens. freedom from tyranny, debt physical compulsion

res publica

the creation of a system of government in which all systems citizens had libertas and an opportunity to live up to roman ideals. form of government which stands for “public thing". the word republic derives from this phrase. SPQR most commonly refers to the roman republic. the republic reflects libiertas because power is spread around, checks and balances, and 1-year term limits

consul

2 consuls, 1 year term; the commander in chiefs/generals of the armies

praetor

2 praetors, 1 year term; in charge of judicial procedures. assumed the power of consul when the consuls were absent from rome

aedile

2 quaestors, 1 year term; supervision of religious matters and upkeep of religious spaces

quaestor

2 quastors, 1 year term; originally chosen by the two assistant consuls as assisstances (ie, political whips). exact nature of their office is unsure but may have had to do with finances

tribune

1 tribune, 1 year term; power of veto over magistrate. Sacrosanctity is harming the tribune was a punishable offense by death

committees

legislative and judicial has citizen committees, while executive is made of magistrates

aeneas

prince of troy + venus. left troy with his father and his son, as well as refugees. he goes to italy and founded rome

cincinnatus

best example of roman ideals; he was summoned from his plough to become dictator of rome and defeat the enemy. he completed his feat in 16 days and immediately left the dictatorship and returned to his plough

regulus

rome + carthage war, he was captured by carthage. he was sent to go back and negotiate a peace with rome. he went to rome and told them to keep killing carthegenians; but kept his word and returned back and was tortured to death

romulus & remus

sons of mars. they were thrown into the Tiber, where they were rescued and cared for by a she-wolf (Acca Larentia/Lupa). When they grew up, they killed Amulius and wanted to build a city of their own. They agreed on the area but not the exact hill. Romulus = Palatine & Remus = Aventine. Remus made fun of Romulus’ wall so Romulus killed him

Scaevola

“Lefty”

roman elegy

as the republic began to crumble, the normal checks and balances began to collapse, leaving some with extreme power and others none. shown in a type of poetry called “roman elegy”, in which gender and social norms were inverted. the typical poem features a roman man talking about his love for a woman who doesnt love him back, but more broadly shows the roman men feeling left behind by a failing republic