Time Period 1 APUSH

Beringia

The land bridge that connected Asia and North America during the Ice Age, allowing people to migrate to the Americas.

Northeast Characteristics

Forests, rivers, and moderate climate, exemplified by New York and New England.

Northwest Characteristics

Coastal, wet climate, dense forests, and access to the ocean, as seen in modern-day Oregon and Washington.

Atlantic Characteristics

Coastlines, fishing, and trade routes, particularly in New England and the Carolinas.

Midwest Characteristics

Fertile plains and rivers, including the Ohio River Valley and Great Lakes region.

Great Plains Characteristics

Flat, grassland, and semi-arid areas, represented by Kansas and Nebraska.

Southwest Characteristics

Desert regions with arid climates and notable Native American populations, found in Arizona and New Mexico.

French Exploration/Settlement

Focus on fur trade and building alliances with Native Americans in Canada and the Mississippi Valley.

The Valladolid Debate

A 1550 debate between Juan de Sepulveda and Bartolomé de las Casas about the treatment of Native peoples.

Treaty of Tordesillas

A 1494 agreement between Spain and Portugal dividing the New World into spheres of influence.

Spanish Casta System

A racial classification system categorizing people in Spanish colonies based on race, ancestry, and social status.

Encomienda System

A system granting Spanish settlers land and Native laborers in exchange for protection and conversion to Christianity.