Cytokinesis and Motosis

cell cycle

a period of growth, development, and division

mitosis

Cell process in which the nucleus divides to form two nuclei identical to each other, and identical to the original nucleus, in a series of steps (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)

centromere

the structure that holds the sister chromatids together

chromatin

a long strand of DNA

sister chromatid

two identical chromosomes

cleavage furrow

the connected area between the two new identical cells that will pinch to become two separate cells, only in the animal cells, during telophase, become two new cells

cell plate

in plant cells, it separates the two new cells, during telophase, rigid

daughter cells

2 new cells formed from the original parent cell, results from mitosis and cytokinesis

centrioles

aid in cell division- only in the animal cell- not the plant cell

What are the 3 phases of the cell cycle?

interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?

Interphase

What 4 things happen in the mitotic phase?

(PMAT) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

What happens in cytokinesis?

division of the cytoplasm

What are the stages of interphase?

G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, G0 phase

What happens in G1?

owth and develop, organelle replicate

What happens in S?

DNA replication

What happens in G2?

preparation for Mitosis

What happens in G0?

resting place for muscle and nerve cells which do not move out of interphase.

What happens in Prophase?

copied DNA condenses into chromosomes, the nucleolus disappears, and the nuclear membrane breaks down, spindle fibers begin to form, chromatid pairs are visible

What is the longest phase of mitosis?

prophase

What happens in metaphase?

chromosomes line up in single file at the middle of the cell

Kinetochores- form to help move chromosomes

What happens in anaphase?

sister chromatids separate, spindle fibers begin to shorten, pulling chromatids toward opposite sides of the cell, the cell begins to lengthen

What is the shortest phase of mitosis?

anaphase

What happens during telophase?

a nuclear membrane forms around the chromatin, chromosomes begin to unwind, spindle fibers begin to break down, two identical nuclei form, telophase mitosis is complete

What happens during cytokinesis?

division of the cytoplasm, begins during anaphase

How long does the human cell cycle take?

24 hours

How many chromosomes does a human possess?

46 chromosomes- 23 pairs

What are the Results of Cell Division?

reproduction, growth, replacement, repair

Mitosis is a type of ________

cell division

Mitosis is sexual or asexual reproduction?

asexual

Mitosis is the __ of body cells

division

Each new cell in mitosis is identical to the _____. They have the same _____

Each new cell is identical to the PARENT CELL. Same CHROMOSOME NUMBER.

What is the series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide?

cell cycle

During what phase does G1, S, and G2 occur?

Interphase

During what phase of the cell cycle does mitosis and cytokinesis occur?

mitotic phase

During what phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?

mitotic phase

During what phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

S phase

During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow?

G1

During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell prepare for mitosis?

G2

How many stages are there in mitosis?

4

What us the order of mitosis

PMAT

What is the order of the stages of the cell cycle

G1, S, G2, M

Put these in order: G2, S, G1, mitosis, cytokinesis

G1, S, G1, mitosis, cytokinesis

Put the following actions in order: DNA replication, cell grows, cell division, cell prepares for mitosis

cell grows, DNA replication, cell prepares for mitosis, cell division

Explain why cells don't just continue to grow larger as organisms grow larger. Why do cells divide?

If cells grow larger they are going to take up too much space, and they will also require more energy. Cells divide because smaller cells are more efficient.

What is the end result of mitosis?

two new identical daughter cells are formed