U.S. Government Foundations: Articles, Federalism, and Constitutional Principles

Articles of Confederation

Weak national government

Implied Powers

Necessary and Proper Clause

Federalist 10

Factions are inevitable

Brutus 1

Opposed strong national government

Categorical Grants

Narrow purpose; more federal control

Block Grants

Broad purpose; more state flexibility

Federalism

Power divided between national + state govts

Checks & Balances

Each branch limits others

Separation of Powers

Distinct powers for each branch

Enumerated Powers

Listed in Constitution

Concurrent Powers

Powers shared by national & state govts

Tenth Amendment

Powers not given to federal government go to the states

Power of the purse

Makes budget (president proposes, Congress passes)

Veto

President's power to reject legislation

Bully Pulpit

Using media/public appeals to shape agenda

Selective Incorporation

Applying Bill of Rights to states using the 14th Amendment

Exclusionary Rule

Evidence from an illegal search cannot be used (Mapp v. Ohio)

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