chapter 3: the integumentary system

aden/o

gland

adip/o

fat

albin/o

white

aut/o

self

bi/o

life

blephar/o

eyelid

carcin/o

cancer

caus/o

burn; burning; heat

cauter/o

heat; burn

chrom/o

color

cis/o

to cut

cry/o

cold

crypt/o

hidden

cutane/o

skin

cyan/o

blue

cyt/o

cell

derm/a, dermat/o, derm/o

skin

diaphor/o

profuse sweating

ecchym/o

blood in the tissues

erythem/o, erythemat/o

redness

erythr/o

red

hidr/o

sweat

hist/o

tissue

ichthy/o

dry; scaly

immun/o

immune; protection

integument/o

covering

jaund/o

yellow

kerat/o

hard, horn-shaped tissue

lip/o

fat

melan/o

black

myc/o

fungus

necr/o

death

onych/o

nail

papill/o

nipple-like

pil/o

hair; hair follicle

prurit/o

itching

psor/o

itching

py/o

pus

rhytid/o

wrinkle

scler/o

hardening

seb/o

sebum

squam/o

scale

steat/o

fat; sebum

therm/o

hot; heat

trich/o

hair

ungu/o

nail

xanth/o

yellow; yellowish

xen/o

foreign'; unlike species

xer/o

dry

a-, an-

without

auto-

self

e-, ex-

out; away from

epi-

on; over; upon

hyper-

above; above normal; excessive

in-

in; into; not

intra-

within; into

para-

near; beside; alongside; beyond; abnormal

per-

through

sub-

below; under

-al, -ary, -ic, -ous, -tic

pertaining to

-cyte

cell

-derma

skin

-dermis

skin

-ectomy

surgical removal; excision

-ema

condition

-esis

action; condition; state of

-ethesia

feeling; sensation

-genesis

formation

-iasis

abnormal condition

-ion

process; state; condition

-ism

process; condition

-itis

inflammation

-logy

study of

-oma

tumor; mass

-opsy

view of; viewing

-ose

full of; pertaining to; sugar

-osis

process; abnormal condition

-phagia

eating; swallowing

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhea

flow; excessive discharge

-therapy

treatment

-tome

instrument used to cut thin sections

integumentary system

includes the skin and its accessory organs (hair, nails, and glands)

4 functions

1. protection

2. body temp maintenance

3. excretion

4. perception of stimuli

strata

layer

epidermis

outermost layer of the skin

epithelial tissue

composed of densely packed cells, make up the epidermis

mucous membrane

A thin, pliable layer of tissue that lines any body cavity that opens to the outside world

keratin

A fibrous, water-repellent protein

melanocytes

Cells located in the epidermis that contain and produce dark brown-to-black pigments called melanin

melanin

Pigment responsible for the skin’s color and which also helps protect skin against the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun

stratified squamous epithelium

The upper layer of the epidermis

squamous

scaly

basal layer

The deepest layer of the epidermis that is constantly growing and multiplying, with younger cells pushing old cells to the surface

dermis / corium

The layer of skin that lies directly below the epidermis, and which is made up of connective tissue, blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, and sebaceous and sweat glands

sebum

An oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair

hair follicles

Tiny secretory cavities from which hair grows

collagen

fibrous protein found in skin, bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments

subcutaneous layer

The deepest layer of the skin

lipocytes

Cells that manufacture and store fat