Other titration methods

Overview of other titration methods, important in analytical chemistry aside from typical acid-base titration

What is redox-titration?

Laboratory method of determining the concentration of a given analyte by causing a redox-reaction between the tytrant and the analyte

What is the chemical basis of redox-titration?

Electrone transfer between the substances

What is oxidation reaction?

A chemical reaction that involves the loss of electrons from a substance, leading to an increase in its oxidation state

What is reduction reaction?

A chemical reaction that involves the gain of electrons by a substance, leading to a decrease in its oxidation state

What is an oxidation agent?

A substance that causes oxidation by accepting electrons and is reduced in the process

What is a reduction agent?

A substance that causes reduction by donating electrons and is oxidized in the process

Chemical formula of potassium permanganate

$$KMnO_4$$

Color of potassium permanganate

Deep purple

What equation is used in potentiometry?

Nernst Equation

What is Nernst equation?

It relates the reduction potential of an electrochemical reaction to the concentrations of the reacting species. It is used to calculate the voltage of an electrochemical cell under non-standard conditions.

What is a practical use of the redox-titration?

It is used to determine the concentration of oxidizing or reducing agents in a solution

What is iodometry?

Indirect titration method that uses Iodine and Thiolsulfate to determine oxidizing agents in a soultion

What is iodimetry?

Direct titration method using iodine to determine reducing agents and Vitamin C in a solutio

Chemical formula of Thiolsulfate

S₂O₃^-

Which indicator is used in iodometry and iodimetry?

Starch

What is back titration?

A technique where a known excess of titrant is added to react with the analyte, and the remaining unreacted titrant is then titrated to determine the amount of analyte

What is complexometric titration?

A type of titration that involves the formation of a complex between a metal ion and a ligand to determine metal ion concentrations

What is a ligand?

A ligand is a molecule or ion that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex, often through coordinate covalent bonds

What is a typical ligand in complexometric titration?

EDTA

What is abbreviated under EDTA?

Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid

Which indicator is commonly used in complexometric titration?

Eriochrome Black T

What is selective titration?

Method used to determine the concentration of a specific analyte in the presence of others, based on the pH control

What is masking titration?

Technique that involves adding a masking agent to selectively inhibit the reactivity of certain ions, allowing for the accurate determination of a target ion without interference from others

What is difference titration?

A method used to determine the concentration of a specific analyte by measuring the difference in volume of titrant required to react with the sample and a blank. It compensates for interfering substances

When is back titration preferably used?

It’s preferably used when the analyte is insoluble or when the reaction is too slow to measure directly

What is a typical indicator, used in redox-titration?

A substance that changes color at a specific electrode potential