CHAPTER 1 - WOUND/S (PART II)

Define Wound Healing

Normal biological process of the body by which skin or other body tissue/s repair itself after a trauma, as it takes place when the body is trying to achieve anatomical integrity of the injured part

Enumerate the types of wound healing

1. Primary Intention / Primary Closure / Primary Union

2. Secondary Intention / Secondary Closure / Secondary Union

3. Tertiary Intention / Delayed Primary Closure / Tertiary Union

Give the definition of Primary Intention / Primary Closure / Primary Union

• Fastest type of closure presenting as a small clean defect with minimal tissue damage & no infection

• healing occurs by approximation of tissue edges with sutures, staples, skin glue (dermabond), or even with tapes (Steri-strips)

Indicate the time frame of Primary Intention / Primary Closure / Primary Union

Heals in 2 weeks with a dense scar within 1 month

Provide the example of Primary Intention / Primary Closure / Primary Union

Surgical incisions, paper cuts, and small cutaneous cuts

Give the definition of Secondary Intention / Secondary Closure / Secondary Union

• extensive injury with considerable tissue loss & severe contamination that appears with separated wound edges

• Healing occurs at the wound bed when the tissue edges cannot be approximated for closure

• Skin or tissue is not enough to pull the edges together (without causing stasis to the area) so visible granulation tissue is formed wherein the resultant scar will be bigger than wounds healed by primary intention

Indicate the time frame of Secondary Intention / Secondary Closure / Secondary Union

Healing time is slower with the restoration of the gap because the wound is kept open for longer time which will render it at high risk of infection

Example of Secondary Intention / Secondary Closure / Secondary Union

Pressure ulcers

Give the definition of Tertiary Intention / Delayed Primary Closure / Tertiary Union

Heavily contaminated injury since there is a need for the wound to be open for a prolonged period of time before wound closure as it requires more connective tissue to heal

Time frame of Tertiary Intention / Delayed Primary Closure / Tertiary Union

Wound is left open for approximately 3-5 days, then it can be closed with wound characteristics similar to primary intention

Example of Tertiary Intention / Delayed Primary Closure / Tertiary Union

Wounds that are kept open to allow drainage & closed at a later time, and a wound that is left open to heal by secondary intention but encounters complications that necessitates debridement followed by the approximation of the wound edges

ACAPSIL

A powder that contains of tiny microspheres that can access all the crevices and areas that would not be touched by traditional bandage type of dressing

ACAPSIL

Intended for use in secondary intention & the 1st part of healing during tertiary intention

ADVANTAGES OF ACAPSIL

• Supports autolytic debridement

• disrupts biofilm

• Remove bacterial toxins

• Supports the immune system in re-establishing the right balance of the inflammatory factors, proteases, & leukocytes on the wound surface to allow wound cleaning & progression into the proliferative healing stage

• It helps the regeneration of the tissue from the wound edges

ACAPSIL

Can work on the entire wound surfaces, but it must cover the entire wound bed up to the wound edges so no spot is left uncovered

ACAPSIL

Wound is cleaned with water (or with 3 percent Hydrogen peroxide) but not using any form of antiseptic