1.3 Multi Store Model of Memory

Memory

The process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information.

Encoding

Changing information into a form the brain can use.

Storing

Information for later use.

Retrieving

Accessing stored information as needed.

Sensory Memory

The initial detection of information by the senses.

Duration of Sensory Memory

Several hundred milliseconds.

Capacity of Sensory Memory

About 3-7 units.

Encoding in Sensory Memory

Can involve any of the senses, with a focus on iconic (visual) and echoic (auditory) information.

Short Term Memory (STM)

A temporary storage of information.

Duration of STM

0-30 seconds unless rehearsed.

Capacity of STM

Limited to +7/-2 pieces of information.

Encoding in STM

Primarily auditory (phonological).

Long Term Memory (LTM)

A relatively permanent store of information.

Duration of LTM

Unlimited.

Capacity of LTM

Unlimited.

Encoding in LTM

Semantic.

Procedural Memory

Knowledge of how to do things; implicit and retrieved with minimal effort.

Declarative Memory

Memory of explicit knowledge; its retrieval is effortful.

Semantic Memory

Relates to facts and knowledge.

Episodic Memory

Relates to experiences and events.