HISTORY - UNIT 2 TEST

A) Iroquois

This powerful Indigenous people fought against the French, supporting the British in many colonial wars

B) Louis XIV

As absolutism spread in Europe, he was arguably the most famous of the continent’s rulers in this era

C) Successor States

A term describing how the Spanish simply replaced elites in existing, large hierarchal New World societies

D) Mercantilism

This feature of European imperialism saw the colony as provide of raw materials to the colonizer

E) Queen Elizabeth

Her father challenged Rome, years later she had to act to secure her supremacy and his Anglican Church

F) Umayyads

This Arab-led Middle Eastern Islamic empire was among the first of Islam’s many great civilizations

G) Abolitionists

Even as England built an empire that grew wealthy off of slavery, these individuals considered it immoral

H) Puritans

This Protestant religious minority fled England for North America seeking freedom to practice their faith

I) Zanj

Just as salves in the U.S. South sometimes revolted, this earlier revolt shook the Islamic Abbasid empire

J) Massachusetts

This was an example of a British colony in the New World that in time broke free in a war of independence

K) England

In this country a Glorious Revolution took place, with not a shot fired, and a Bill of Rights soon followed

Which of the following is FALSE about the Islamic states that kept learning alive while Europe slept?

a) the mighty Abbasids made great advances in science, learning from Greece and India

b) the Caliphate of Cordoba was a brilliant civilization but it had slaves nonetheless

c) Baghdad’s House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) was a great intellectual center

d) CORRECT: the Duke of Alba led the Seljuk Turks in an attack on Paris that ended the Thirty Years War

Which of the following is TRUE about the situation in England during this period?

a) under king James I and Charles I the nation drifted towards absolutism

b) the nation slipped into a civil war in which the forces of Parliament fought against the king’s supporters

c) the monarchy was restored under Charles II, who agreed to respect parliament

d) CORRECT: all of the above

Which of the following was NOT associated with the trans-Atlantic slave trade in the Americas?

a) it was often referred to as the Middle Passage

b) it put in place a triangular trade network that involved Britain, Africa, and the Americas

c) CORRECT: Greek slave traders made Brazil the second largest destination for slaves after the U.S.A

d) the Gold Coast was one of the largest sources of the slave trade

Which of the following pairs of terms do NOT belong together?

a) Colbert and the Louis XIV

b) Wolfe and Britain’s imperial army

c) CORRECT: Wilberforce and the telescope

d) Ferdinand and the Hapsburg Empire

Which of the following is FALSE in relation to Spain’s Golden Century?

a) CORRECT: great imperial wealth was amassed from the vast and powerful Pueblo empire

b) monarch Phillip II ruled Spain for much of that (the 16th) century

c) the inquisition played a key role in the king’s attempt to stamp out heresy

d) b) and c) above

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the situation in France during the era of religious wars?

a) King Henry IV passed the Edict of Nantes to end the violence and bring tolerance

b) France was a largely Catholic nation with a sizable Protestant minority

c) CORRECT: the Huguenots were French Catholics that faced considerable discrimination

d) the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre illustrated the depth of the nation’s religious tensions

Which of the following is TRUE concerning New France?

a) voyageurs captained the ships that brought people and supplies on the voyage from France

b) Pizzato oversaw the colony of New France’s quick growth in wealth on the back of Incan gold

c) Champlain was the founder of Nova Scotia, the northernmost of the original 13 colonies

d) CORRECT: none of the above

Which of the following treaties brought an end to thirty years of warfare in Europe?

a) the Treaty of Versailles

b) the Treaty of Tordesillas

c) CORRECT: the Treaty of Westphalia

d) none of the above

Which of the following is True in regard to the religious wars that engulfed Europe after the Reformation?

a) the Germans, having become rich off trade in the New World, became Europe’s dominant power

b) CORRECT: the English became foes of the Spanish but under Elizabeth were able to defeat the Armada

c) the Spanish were successful in crushing a revolt in the Netherlands, keeping it a Catholic state

d) all of the above

PART C: Identify and explain the historical significance of two of the following terms in proper sentence.

1) Underground Railroad:

The Underground Railroad was a secret system that helped enslaved African Americans escape to free states and Canada in the 1800s. It was important because it gave many people a chance at freedom and increased tensions between the North and South over slavery. Famous figures like Harriet Tubman risked their lives to lead others to safety, making it a key part of the fight against slavery.

2) 13 Colonies:

The 13 Colonies were British settlements in North America that later became the United States. They were important because they grew unhappy with British rule, which led to the American Revolution and the birth of a new country. The colonies worked together to fight for independence, helping to shape ideas of freedom and democracy.

PART D: Answer ONE of the following questions in proper sentence format:

1) Discuss the historical existence of slavery and the slave trade worldwide up to the 1650

2) Describe the Scientific Revolution that took place in Europe and how the Islamic East missed out on this development

Key Features:

Scientific Revolution, Renaissance, Printing Press, Catholic Church, Copernicus, Galileo, Scientific Method, Islamic Golden Age, Political Instability, Religious Conservatism

• The Scientific Revolution was a period in the 1500s and 1600s when new ideas about science and the universe changed how people understood the world.

• It was influenced by the Renaissance, which encouraged learning, questioning old ideas, and focusing on human reason.

• The printing press helped spread new scientific discoveries, making knowledge more available to the public.

• Scientists like Copernicus and Galileo challenged the Catholic Church by proving that the Earth orbits the Sun, not the other way around.

• The Scientific Method, developed by thinkers like Francis Bacon and René Descartes, emphasized observation and experimentation instead of relying on religious or traditional beliefs.

• The Islamic world had made many scientific advancements during the Islamic Golden Age (8th-14th centuries), but by the time of the Scientific Revolution, it did not participate in the same way.

• Political instability in the Ottoman Empire and other Islamic regions made it harder to focus on scientific progress.

• Religious conservatism in the Islamic East discouraged questioning traditional beliefs, limiting scientific discoveries.

• European universities supported independent research, while in the Islamic world, religious schools focused more on preserving old knowledge.

• Overall, the Scientific Revolution was important because it led to modern science, technology, and a new way of thinking that still shapes the world today.