HIS 007: Life and Works of Rizal (Modules 1-5) Flashcards

A complete set of Q&A flashcards covering Modules 1 through 5 of HIS 007 (The Life and Works of Rizal).

What is Republic Act No. 1425 (RA 1425), also known as the Rizal Law?

A Philippine law mandating the study of Jose Rizal's life, works, and writings, particularly his novels Noli Me Tángere and El Filibusterismo, across all educational institutions.

Who authored Senate Bill 438, which eventually became RA 1425?

Senator Claro M. Recto.

According to the reviewer, on what date was RA 1425 approved?

June 12, 1956.

Why was the Rizal Bill introduced during the historical context of the 1950s?

To reinforce national identity, patriotism, and democracy amid strong youth recruitment to the left and communism.

What was the primary objection of the Catholic Church to mandatory reading of Rizal's novels?

The Catholic Church objected to the negative portrayal of the Church and some of its clergy in Noli Me Tángere and El Filibusterismo.

How was the religious objection regarding freedom of conscience addressed in the final text of RA 1425?

The law included a provision allowing exemptions for students with conscientious, religious objections.

What does the term 'frailocracy' refer to in the 19th-century Philippine context?

A political system characterized by significant power and influence held by Catholic friars over government, education, and social life.

What was the Spanish Cortes, and how were Filipinos affected by it?

The Cortes was Spain's national legislature, where Filipinos lacked representation and thus had no effective voice in governing laws.

How did the opening of the Suez Canal impact travel and education for Filipinos?

It shortened Europe-Asia travel from over two months to about 30 days, making European travel and education much more accessible to Filipino elites.

Who were the Ilustrados?

Educated Filipino elites, often educated in Europe, who used their liberal education to advocate for social and political reforms in the Philippines.

What was the main goal of the Propaganda Movement?

A movement of Filipino reform advocates abroad working to expose conditions in the Philippines and pressure Spain for peaceful political reforms.

On what date and in what town was Jose Rizal born?

June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna.

What was Jose Rizal's birth order among his siblings?

He was the seventh of eleven children.

What was the socioeconomic role of Jose Rizal's father, Francisco Mercado, in Calamba?

He was an inquilino who leased a large plot of land owned by Dominican friars for farming.

Who was the Chinese immigrant ancestor in Jose Rizal's paternal line?

Domingo Lamco.

Who was Jose Rizal's first teacher?

His mother, Teodora Alonzo.

What childhood event marked Jose Rizal's first major experience of grief at age four?

The death of his younger sister, Concha.

What is the significance of 'The Tale of the Moth' in Jose Rizal's life?

It is treated as a metaphor for Rizal's life: pursuing a noble but dangerous goal (reform) that ultimately resulted in his execution.

Who was the private tutor who lived with the Rizal family and taught Jose Spanish and Latin for five months before dying?

Leon Monroy.

When Jose Rizal was sent to Biñan at age eight in June 1869, who was his strict schoolteacher?

Maestro Justiniano Cruz.

How did Jose Rizal defeat the bully Pedro during his schooling in Biñan?

He used arm-wrestling skills taught to him by his Tiyo Manuel.

On what date and aboard what vessel did Jose Rizal return to Calamba from Biñan?

December 17, 1870, aboard the steamer Talim.

Which religious order administered the Ateneo Municipal during Jose Rizal's education there?

The Jesuits.

Why did Jose Rizal use his surname 'Mercado' instead of 'Rizal' when enrolling at Ateneo Municipal?

Due to family concerns and complications related to his older brother Paciano.

Which mentor at Ateneo Municipal strongly encouraged Jose Rizal's academic development and writing?

Father Francisco de Paula Sanchez.

How did the Jesuit educational system at Ateneo foster academic competition among students?

By dividing classes into two competing 'empires'—the Roman Empire and the Carthaginian Empire—where top performers earned ranks like Emperor.

Who was Jose Rizal's first youthful love?

Segunda Katigbak.

In what course did Jose Rizal initially enroll at the University of Santo Tomas (UST) in April 1877?

Philosophy and Letters.

Why did Jose Rizal switch to studying Medicine during his second year at UST (1878–1879)?

He was primarily motivated by the desire to treat his mother's failing eyesight.

What side course did Jose Rizal complete at Ateneo while simultaneously studying Medicine at UST?

Perito agrimensor (land surveying).

What secret method did Jose Rizal use to send love letters to Leonor Valenzuela?

He wrote them using invisible ink.

What pseudonym did Leonor Rivera use when writing secret letters to Jose Rizal?

Taimis.

What happened when Jose Rizal filed a complaint after being attacked by a Spanish officer during his UST summer break?

His complaint was dismissed due to racial prejudice, heightening his awareness of inequality.

Which prize-winning poem did Jose Rizal write during his student years at UST?

A La Juventud Filipina ('To the Filipino Youth').

What key differences distinguished the educational environment of Ateneo from that of UST?

Ateneo offered a disciplined, holistic, competition-driven, and intellectually encouraging environment, while UST relied on traditional memorization, rigid recitation, and exhibited racial discrimination.

In what year did Jose Rizal secretly leave the Philippines for Spain?

1882.

What was the chronological sequence of places Jose Rizal visited on his first travel route to Spain?

Singapore, Sri Lanka / Ceylon, Egypt, Naples (Italy), Marseilles (France), Barcelona (Spain), and Madrid (Spain).

What nationalistic essay did Jose Rizal write while residing in Barcelona?

El Amor Patrio.

What academic qualification did Jose Rizal earn in 1884 from the Universidad Central de Madrid?

Licentiate in Medicine.

What pen name did Jose Rizal adopt upon joining the Masonic Acacia Lodge in 1883?

Dimasalang.

Why did Jose Rizal refrain from pursuing a romance with Consuelo Ortiga y Perez in Madrid?

Because he was still engaged to Leonor Rivera and his friend Eduardo de Lete was in love with Consuelo.

Which organizational participation in Madrid inspired Jose Rizal's poem 'Me Piden Versos'?

Circulo Hispano-Filipino.