Module 1 - Terminology and the Body Plan

Define Anatomy

the study of the structure of the body

Define Physiology

study of the function of the body

Define the 6 structural and functional organizations

1. Chemical - Atoms

2. Cell - main unit of organisms

3. Tissue - groups of similar cells and materials surrounding them

4. Organ - two or more tissues functioning together

5. Organ System - groups of organisms working together

6. Organism - any living thing

anatomical position

To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward

Other body positions

supine and prone

Directional Terms

Superior (cephalic) and Inferior (caudal)

Medial and Lateral

Proximal and distal

superficial and deep

Anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal)

Study it!

Study it!

Sagittal plane

Vertically through the body

Frontal or coronal Plane

divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Transverse/Cross Plane

divides the body into superior and inferior sections

Oblique Plane

passes through the body at an angle

Longitudinal cut

Cut along the length of an organ

Diaphragm

divides body cavity into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

serous membrane

covers the organs and walls and lines cavities

Visceral

inside wall

parietal

outside wall

pericardium

around the heart

pleura

around the lungs

peritoneum

around organs of the abdominal cavity

Mesenteries

peritoneal folds that attach to the viscera

retroperitoneal organs

organs outside the peritoneum

mediastinum cavity

Contains all the structures of thoracic cavity except lungs

thoracic cavity

contains heart and lungs

Abdominal cavity

Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver, pancreas, kidneys

pelvic cavity

Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and parts of large intestine