HESI A2 - Reading Comprehension

food

Food and drink are necessary and desirable, but their abuse can cause serious physical and mental problems. Many physicians believe that overeating is one of the country's main health problems, since it places a great strain on the heart, can lead to diabetes, and often shortens the individual's life span. To fill an emotional void. people often turn to food when they are bored or lonely. Another area of concern is alcohol consumption. The results of alcohol abuse are widely publicized. The social drinker who becomes alcoholic, the drunken driver's contribution to highway death, spousal and child abuse, are all concomitant problems associated with alcohol abuse.

1. As used in the last sentence of this paragraph, the term "concomitant" means?

Accompanying

2. The information presented in this article is?

A. Against eating and drinking

B. Against drinking alcohol

C. Against eating rich foods.

D. Unbiased in its approach

B. Against drinking alcohol

3. The author's motive for writing the paragraph seems to have have been to?

Urge self-control

4. What is implied by this paragraph?

We should eat and drink in reasonable quantities.

5. The author seems to?

A. Oppose drinking alcohol

B. Favor a strict diet

C. Oppose regulation of personal habits

D: Favor moderation

D: Favor moderation

eating

Consumption of food is a universal necessity. Different cultures have developed different methods to accomplish the task. It is interesting to discover these differences and learn new ways to do things.European cultures developed cutlery (knives, forks, and spoons) to enable people to efficiently eat their food. Correct use of this tools changes with the times-what was polite in 1800 may not be considered proper manners today.China developed the chopstick as an efficient tool for eating. Mastery of the use of chopsticks can be difficult for the person not raised in the culture. The attempts of a novice to use chopsticks can be very amusing to the watcher, but frustrating for the hungry diner.Space travel has created new challenges for consuming food. Squeeze bottles and other unique packaging have enabled space travelers to get their needed nutrition. Chopsticks and forks do not work well in space.

1. What conclusion can be drawn about the article?

A. The author think chopstick are funny

B. The best way to eat food is with cutlery

C. The author explain differences in eating processes.

D. Space flight is fun and exciting.

C. The author explain differences in eating processes.

2. What statement can be implied from the content of article.

A. Eating in space can be time-consuming.

B. Diversity is interesting to learn about

C. The author thinks cutlery is the best tool to use to consume food.

D. The author enjoys trying new food.

B. Diversity is interesting to learn about

3. What is the best definition of "efficient" as used in the third paragraph?

A. Productive without waste

B. Easy to accomplish

C.Parsimonious

D.Careful

A. Productive without waste

4. What statement from the article draws a conclusion?

A. It is interesting to discover new ways to do things

B. Mastery of the use of chopsticks can be difficult

C. What was polite in 1800 may not be considered proper manners today

D. Chopsticks and forks do not work well in space

A. It is interesting to discover new ways to do things

5. What statement from the article is correct?

A. Chopsticks are easier to master than forks

B. Space travel can be tiring

C. European methods of eating are superior

D. China developed chopsticks for eating utensils

D. China developed chopsticks for eating utensils

Game of Bridge

Game of Bridge:

The ebb and flow of laughter and silence fills the room as four old friends gather to engage in a round of Bridge playing. For the beginner, Bridge can be complicated, but with time, effort, and a good teacher, even the novice can become proficient. Composed of two main parts, bidding and playing, Bridge requires the player's undivided attention. The dealer deals the entire deck of playing cards evenly between the players, with each person receiving thirteen cards. In the bidding portion of the game, the four suits of cards in the deck are ranked highest to lowest as follows: spades, hearts, diamonds, and finally clubs. However, during play all the suits of the cards are considered equals, and they go from highest to lowest from the ace being high to the two card being low. The highest number of tricks wins. A trick is one card played by each player for a total of four. After the lead player lays down his/her card, the other players follow suit, if possible. The highest card within the four "same suit" cards played wins the trick and picks up all four cards. if a player cannot follow suit, he/she plays any card, but to make the game more interesting and challenging, one suit is named a trump suit which means that if a player plays a card from the trump suit, it always wins the trick. If two cards from the trump suit are played, the highest card within the trump suit wins the trick. obviously the team with the most tricks wins the hand.

1. The author wants the reader to feel

A. As though the game of Bridge is too hard for novices to learn.

B. Frustrated and confused about playing bridge.

C. Confident and excited about learning the game of bridge

D. Overwhelmed by all the rules for the games of Bridge.

C. Confident and excited about learning the game of bridge

2. Throughout this passage the word suit means:

A. A set of clothing to be worn together

B. Any of the four sets into which a deck of cards is divided.

C. To be convenient or right for

D. To request or appeal persistently

B. Any of the four sets into which a deck of cards is divided.

3. In the passage, a trick is described as

A. A special look given to your partner across the table

B. A book that gives strategies on how to win a Bridge.

C. A collection of one card played by each of four players.

D. A specific card the dealer gives to the person to her right.

C. A collection of one card played by each of four players.

4. The passage explicitly states

A. That the highest card within the "trump" suit always wins the trick.

B. The Ace card is always the lowest card.

C. That there is a pile of leftover" cards that is placed in the middle of the game table.

D. That if a player cannot follow suit, she loses her turn to the next player.

A. That the highest card within the "trump" suit always wins the trick.

5. The passage implies that

A. Playing bridge requires concentration.

B. Bridge is an extremely easy game to play

C. Bridge is only for older people

D. Bridge is only for women

A. Playing bridge requires concentration.

Getting a Good Night's Sleep

n/a passage

1. What is stated in the passage?

Physical Illness can cause Insomnia.

2. Which is a solution to Insomnia?

Developing good sleep and herbs and spices.

sleep apnea causes

chronic illness

4. When the author wrote this passage, what does he/she intended?

To explain the insomnia and purpose some solution for the condition.

5. Insomnia affects intellectual abilities because it?

Causes a deficit in memory, concentration, and attention.

phobia

n/a passage

1. According to the passage, which of the following are types of phobias?

Social phobias, panic disorder, specific phobia

2. What does the author want the reader to know about phobia?

That phobias are debilitating.

3. The passage says that being afraid is normal and good, according to the passage why is having a phobia not normal and good?

Because phobias are extreme and unreasonable.

4. What are physical ailments that phobias cause?

Ulcers and hypertension

5. The author wants to conclude that

people can gain control or deal with phobias

water cycle

Water is needed to sustain practically all life functions on planet Earth. A single drop of this compound is composed of an oxygen atom that shares its electrons with each of the two hydrogen atoms. The cycle starts when precipitation, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, descends from the sky onto the ground. Water that is not absorbed immediately from the precipitation is known as runoff. The runoff flows across the land and collects in groundwater reservoirs, rivers, streams, and oceans. Evaporation takes place when liquid water changes into water vapor, which is a gas. Water vapor returns to the air from surface water and plants. Ultimately, condensation happens when this water vapor cools and changes back into droplets of liquid. In fact, the puffy, cotton clouds that we observe are formed by condensation. When the clouds become heavily laden with liquid droplets, precipitation ensues

1. What is the meaning of the word composed in the first paragraph?

To consist of

2. What is the main idea of this passage?

The different components of the water cycle are precipitation, evaporation, and condensation. The explanation of the different components of the water cycle

3. Which statement is not a detail from the passage?

Condensation fails to happen when water vapor cools and changes back into droplets of liquid.

4. What was the author's primary purpose for writing this essay?

To inform the reader about the stages of the water cycle

5. What can the reader conclude from this passage about ponds and lakes?

They are examples of groundwater reservoirs.

6. Knowing that the cooling of water vapor results in condensation, one could conclude that

HEAT is/are a factor in the evaporation process.

Amazon Rainforest

About 6% of the earth is covered by rainforests. The largest rainforest in the world is theAmazon Basin, which stretches over 2.3 million square miles in nine different South American countries. This area is double the length of all the other remaining rainforests in the world. Brazil contains 60%of the Amazonian rainforest, since it lies at the mouth of the river Amazon. This river is the second largest in the world and contains more than one-fifth of the world's fresh water. The Amazon rainforest is a type of wet broadleaf forest. The weather there is very humid and warm as it rains quite a bit. Because of the high rainfall, the forest is very rich and green. The tree leaves are pointed and narrow so that the raindrops can easily drop off wet plants. This tropical rainforest has more living species than the entire European continent. There are over 400 types of insects living in one single rainforest tree for a total of 2.5 million species. One square kilometer of rainforest may contain over 75,000 types of trees and approximately 438,000 different kinds of plants, which comes to a total of 90,000 tons of greenery overall. The Amazon rainforest is home to 2,000 birds and mammals, with one in every five birds in the world living there. Local farmers have lived off this rich and diverse land for thousands of years. They have been able to find food and water here without destroying the land. The Kayapo people of Brazil farm in an environmentally- friendly way. Instead of chemicals, they use burned wood to enrich the soil, and plant banana trees, which attract wasps. These wasps then feed on leafcutter ants and get rid of these harmful insects. The rainforest also offers a lot of tropical fruits, such as bananas and coconuts, as food. Cinnamon is made from the bark of a rainforest tree. Amazonian Indians use the fruit and stem of the Buruti plant as a drink, to make bread and to build houses. Many other plants are used as medicine. But the Amazon rainforest is in very big danger of disappearing. 9,169 square miles of forest have been cut down in 2003 in Brazil alone. An area of the size of a football field is burned down basically every minute, which means that the rain forest may be gone by the year 2030.The dangers related to this type of activity are obvious. Trees take in poisonous carbon dioxide from the air and give off oxygen. There is more oxygen and less carbon dioxide around a rainforest. When trees are cut down, however, the amount of carbon dioxide increases, and the air gets warmer. This leads to global warming, which is extremely harmful to the environment. It is estimated that the burning of Brazilian rainforests alone produces 200 million metric tons of carbon dioxide a year. Another danger connected with destroying the rainforest is the disappearance of plants and animals.

1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT mentioned about the Amazon Rainforest?

Its precipitation

2. How can you describe the Amazon rainforest? (Choose 2 answers)

(A)It rains all time there so the forest is always green. (C)The plants are shaped so that rainwater can pour off them.

3. Which of the following is true about the Amazon Basin?

It is more than one-fifth of all the other rainforests in the world.

4. Look at the end of paragraph two. What does the author refer to when he says "rich and diverse land" at the beginning of paragraph 3?

2,000 birds and mammals in the Amazon rainforest

5. What does the sentence "people of Brazil farm in an environmentally friendly way" mean in paragraph 3?

They do not poison the soil when farming.

6. Which rainforest plant has more than one use?

The Bruti plant

7. What is the biggest problem related to the disappearance of the rainforest?

Cutting down trees

Safe driving

n/a passage

1. What is the best meaning of the word advocate as used in the forth sentence of this paragraph?

Supporter.

2. What is stated in this paragraph?

Each individual driving behavior is the key to automobile safety.

3. What is implied by this paragraph?

Government action will not help if individual drivers do not cooperate.

4. The author seems to think that?

All cars should be properly inspected.

5. The author's motive for writing the paragraph seems to have been to?

Get people personally involved with traffic safety.

White Elephant

Centuries ago, in the country of Siam, now known as Thailand, it was the custom of them rulers that displeased them by giving the offender a white elephant. Because the animal was could not be made to work as other elephants did, but still had to be fed hundreds of pounds of fruit and cared for in the most lavish style. The recipient could not give the elephant to anyone else, as it was the ruler, who would be greatly displeased should the recipient not receive the gift graciously or care for in a grand style. This monetary burden could be a major liability to the recipient and in many cases they became impoverished. This is the origin of the term"white elephant" as it is used today to denote an unwanted gift. The way of gift exchange played during the holiday season is an offshoot of this. In this game, everyone brings, and the gifts are exchanged by drawing numbers and picking a gift in turn. The second person can choose or steal the first one. It is all in good fun, and people enjoy giving silly gifts and "stealing" someone else.

1. How did the people regard a white elephant?

People tried very hard not to offend the king so they would not receive a white elephant.

2. Where is Thailand?

Asia

3. What is implied by the article?

People enjoy giving/receiving gifts.

4. What is the meaning of the word impoverished in the first paragraph?

Financially ruined

5. Why is an unwanted gift called a white elephant?

It is a rare thing to get an unwanted gift.

Golden Gate Bridge

Linking San Francisco to Marin County in California, the Golden Gate Bridge is one of the most famous bridges in the world. The bridge crosses over a narrow strait which connects the Pacific Ocean to San Francisco Bay. Prior to the bridge, people traveled by ferry boat across the strait. Although most people thought a bridge was necessary to expedite travel, some residents of the Bay area felt the risk of building the bridge was too great. Joseph Strauss believed that nothing was impossible, and dreams would never come to fruition if risks weren't taken. So, he decided to gather the best and brightest builders, architects, and workers to embark on the challenge of building a bridge across the Golden Gate Strait. With safety nets in place, the construction began in 1937. Building the anchorages first, the builders then move on to the towers on each end, and then to the three-foot thick cables to support the suspension bridge. Lastly, workers labored to complete the roadway which became the most dangerous and treacherous part of the entire task. The builders had to keep the bridge balance, so it wouldn't fall into the bay. Today, over sixty-five years later, the bridge remains a life-line for the people of the San Francisco Bay Area

1. The authors reason for writing this piece seems to be to

Inform the reader

2. What body of water does The Golden Gate Bridge cross?

Golden Gate Strait

3. Why was the roadway so dangerous to build?

If the road wasn't balanced, it would collapse.

4. In the passage the word embark means to:

A. Put or go on board a ship

B. Remove the covering from a tree

C. Speak harshly to others

D. Being an undertaking

D. Being an undertaking

5. Which part of the bridge was built first?

A. Cables

B. Anchorage

C. Roadway

D. Towers

B. Anchorage

voice

What effect does your voice have on others? Does it persuade or irritate, attract or repel? One of the worst qualities is harshness. If you ever get the feeling that people are uncomfortable when you speak, it may be that your harsh tones are jarring their eardrums. Your voice will sound unpleasant if it is shrill, grating, hard, piercing, brassy, loud, or too nasal. Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw. Tension tightens muscles and blocks the relaxed voice tones essential to a pleasing impression. Because tension occurs in higher pitched voices, women tend to have shriller voices than men, which usually makes them less desirable public speakers, newscasters, or political candidates.

1. Which statement from the selection presents a fact rather than an opinion?

Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaws

2. What is stated in this paragraph?

Women make less appealing political candidates.

3. The information presented is

Slanted against people with piercing voices.

4. The author seems to:

A. Prefer low pitched tones.

B. Be an experienced public speaker.

C. Prefer shrill, grating, and brassy voice.

D. Have no particular reactions to different voices.

A. Prefer low pitched tones.

5. One of the worst voice qualities is

Harshness

Exam

Subjective exams measure your ability in several areas. Besides recall information, you must be able to realize content logically and intelligently express yourself in a clearly understood manner. Subjective test provide opportunity for students to show their broad knowledge of a subjective area. Answers may be in the form of paragraphs or lengthy essays.When your review for an essay exam, concentrate on main ideas rather than details. Since essay tests are less to a few questions, they are likely to deal with more important ideas of a subject. Prepare a list of question you thing might be asked. Write an answer to each of your questions. Rather than writing complete sentence down your thoughts in outline form. doing so will help you organize the information so that you can express yourself clearly.When you take the test, read through all the questions before you start to write. Allot time for each question, spending more time for questions worth the most points. Read each question carefully to determine exactly what is they asked. Pay attention to words suchas define, illustrate, explain, list, compare, and contrast. Each work require a different type of response. Write a brief outlines of your answer on scrap paper or the back of the test. Make sure you include all the important ideas that are within the limits of the question. In other words, do not write more than is asked for each answer. When you write your answer, keep it specific and as brief as possible. In the introductory sentence it is often helpful to makea general statement that includes important points addressed in each question. Such a topic sentence serves as a framework for your answer. Then use your outline to develop the main point and subtopics. Add substance to your answer by including as many facts as possible to support your answer.Check your paper before you submit it. Look for mistakes in grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and punctuation. Unless you are certain an answer is wrong, do not change it. Your answeris an educated guess and is usually your best chance of answering correctly.

1. When taking a subjective examination, you will find questions like.

A. True & False

B. Multiple Choice

C. Matching

D. Definitions

D. Definitions

2. Compared to objective exams, essay test contain:

A. No good answers

B. More questions

C. Fewer questions

D. Harder questions

C. Fewer questions

3. From the article the reader can conclude that a test containing true-false question is called:

A. Subjective

B. Rejective

C. Objective

D. Dejective

C. Objective

4. Compared to objective exams, subjective tests contain:

A. More questions.

B. Fewer questions.

C. Harder questions

.D. No good answers.

B. Fewer questions.

5. In answering subjective questions the student should,

A. Include more than is asked

B. Keep it brief and specific

C.Write out the words-true or false

D.Capitalize the matching letters

B. Keep it brief and specific

6. When taking an exam, you should divide your time

A. Into three or four short segment

B. To allow more time for the difficult questions

C.Equally between all questions

D.So that you have time to check and change answer

B. To allow more time for the difficult questions

7. In the above passage, the word "subjective" refers to test questions that:

A. Allow you to choose an answer

B. Are matching

C. Are true or false

D. Require you to write your own answer

D. Require you to write your own answer

trees

Trees are as queer in picking out places to live and in their habits of growth as are the peoples of the various races which inhabit the world. Some trees do best in the icy northland. They become weak and die when brought to warm climates. Others that are accustomed to tropical weather fail to make further growth when exposed to extreme cold. The appearance of Jack Frost means death to most of the trees that come from near the equator. Even on the opposite slopes of the same mountain the types of trees are often very different. Trees that do well on the north side require plenty of moisture and cool weather. Those that prosper on south exposures are equipped to resist late and early frosts as well as very hot sunshine. The moisture needs of different trees are as remarkable as their likes and dislikes for warmth and cold. Some trees attain large size in a swampy country. Trees of the same kind will become stunted in sections where dry weather persists.In some parts of the United States forestry experts can tell where they are by the local tree growth. For example, in the extreme northern districts the spruce and the balsam fir are native. As one travels farther south these give way to little Jack pine and aspen trees. Next come the stately forests of white and Norway pine. Sometimes a few slow-growing hemlock trees appear in the colder sections. If one continues his journey toward the equator he will next pass through forests of broad-leaved trees. They will include oak, maple, beech, chestnut, hickory, and sycamore.In Kentucky, which is a centre of the broad-leaved belt, there are several hundred different varieties of trees. Farther south, the cone-bearing species prevail. They are followed in the march toward the Gulf of Mexico by the tropical trees of southern Florida. If one journeys west from the Mississippi River across the Great Plains he finally will come to the Rocky Mountains, where evergreen trees predominate. If oak, maple, poplar, or other broad-leaved trees grow in that region, they occur in scattered stands. In the eastern forests the trees are close together. They form a leafy canopy overhead. In the forests of the Rockies the evergreens stand some distance apart so that their tops do not touch. As a result, these Western forests do not shade the ground as well as those in the east. This causes the soils of these forests to be much drier, and also increases the danger from fire.The forests of western Washington and Oregon, unlike most timberlands of the Rocky Mountain Region, are as dense as any forests in the world. Even at midday it is as dark as twilight in these forests. The trees are gigantic. They tower 150 to 300 feet above the ground. Their trunks often are 6 feet or larger in diameter. They make the trees of the eastern forests look stunted. They are excelled in size only by the mammoth redwood trees of northern California and the giant Sequoias of the southern Sierras. The trees found in the United States are beautiful. These trees are admired and loved by many around the world.

1. What is the author's primary purpose for writing this passage?

A. To inform

B. To persuade

C. To reflect

D. To criticize

A. To inform

2. Identify the overall tone of the essay.

A. Informative

B. Pretentious

C. Pleasant

D. Inflammatory

A. Informative

3. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Trees are very different depending on their climate and location.

B. Trees are the same regardless of their their climate and location.

C. There are only three types of trees in the United States.

D. There is only one type of tree found in the United States.

A. Trees are very different depending on their climate and location.

4. Which of the following is not listed as a detail in the passage?

A. Kentucky, the center of the broad-leaved belt, has several thousand different varieties of trees.

5. What is the meaning of the word timberlands as used in the 3rd paragraph?

A. Land covered with timber-producing forests

6. Which of the following statements in the passage are fact?

C. The forests of western Washington and Oregon, unlike most timberlands of the Rocky Mountain Region, are as dense as any forests in the world.

7. Which statement would be inferred by the reader?

D. There are a wide variety of trees in the United States.

Choose the best summary of the passage.

A. The various regions in the United States host a single type of tree. From mountainous regions to swamps, the range of climates allows for one type of tree to flourish.

B. The various regions in the United States host a wide variety of types of trees. From mountainous regions to swamps, the range of climates allows for all manner of trees to flourish.

C. The United States has many trees but they all grow together in one climate. The trees can only survive in the mountainous regions.

D. The United States has many trees but they all grow together in one climate. The trees can only survive in the swamp regions.

B. The various regions in the United States host a wide variety of types of trees. From mountainous regions to swamps, the range of climates allows for all manner of trees to flourish.

omelette

As a rule, an omelet is a wholesome and inexpensive dish, yet one in the preparation of which cooks frequently fail, owing to carelessness of detail. With a little attention anyone can easily become the perfect cook in this branch.The flavoring and the ingredients used may be varied indefinitely; but the principle is always the same. In making an omelet care should be taken that the omelet pan is hot and dry. To ensure this, put a small quantity of lard into the pan; let it simmer a few minutes, and remove it; wipe the pan dry with a towel, and put in a little fresh lard, in which the omelet may be fried. Care should be taken that the lard does not burn, as it would spoil the color of the omelet.It is better to make two or three small omelets than one very large one, as the latter cannot be well handled by a novice.The omelet made of three eggs is the one recommended for beginners. Break the eggs separately; put them into a bowl, and whisk them thoroughly with a fork. (The longer they are beaten, the lighter will be the omelet.) Add a teaspoonful of milk, and beat up with the eggs; beat until the last moment before pouring into the pan, which should be over a hot fire. As soon as the omelet sets, remove the pan from the hottest part of the fire, slip a knife under it to prevent sticking to the pan; when the centre is almost firm, slant the pan; work the omelet in shape to fold easily and neatly; and, when slightly browned, hold a platter against the edge of the pan, and deftly turn it out upon the hot dish.Salt mixed with the eggs prevents them from rising, and when used the omelet will look flabby; yet without salt it will taste insipid. Add a little salt to it just before folding it and turning out on the dish. A perfect omlette should be flat.

What is the meaning of the word insipid as used in the 5th paragraph?

A. Bland

B. Salty

C. Bitter

D. Delectable

A. Bland

What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Omelets are incredibly difficult to cook.

B. Omelets require excessive amounts of salt to cook properly.

C. All omelets include pepper.

D. With a little attention, anyone can easily cook the perfect omelet.

D. With a little attention, anyone can easily cook the perfect omelet.

Which of the following is not listed as a detail in the passage?

A. Add a small amount of salt just before serving.

B. Add a teaspoonful of milk while beating the eggs.

C. Add pepper just before serving.

D. Break the eggs seperately.

C. Add pepper just before serving.

What is the author's primary purpose in writing this passage?

A. Informative

B. persuasive

C. argumentative

D. descriptive

A. Informative

Identify the overall tone of the essay.

A. To argue

B. To inform

C. To disprove

D. To persuade

B. To inform

Which of the following statements in the passage are opinion?

A. The omelet made of three eggs is the one recommended for beginners.

B. As soon as the omelet sets, remove the pan from the hottest part of the fire.

C. A perfect omlette should be flat.

D. Salt mixed with the eggs prevents them from rising.

C. A perfect omlette should be flat.

Which statement would not be inferred by the reader?

A. Omelets are not too difficult to be made by a beginner.

B. Omelets can include many different ingredients.

C. Do not add too much salt to an omelet.

D. Omelets are too difficult to be made by a beginner.

D. Omelets are too difficult to be made by a beginner.

Choose the best summary of the passage.

A. Omelets cannot be made by anyone but a professional. Many different ingredients can be used to make omlettes but milk, lard and a dash of salt are always recommended.

B. Omelets can be made by anyone as long as they pay attention and folllow the recipe. Many different ingredients can be used to make omlettes but milk, pepper and a dash of salt are always recommended.

C. Omelets can be made by anyone as long as they pay attention and folllow the recipe. Many different ingredients can be used to make omlettes but milk, pepper and a cup of salt are always recommended.

D. Omelets can be made by anyone as long as they pay attention and folllow the recipe. Many different ingredients can be used to make omlettes but milk, lard and a dash of salt are always recommended.

D. Omelets can be made by anyone as long as they pay attention and folllow the recipe. Many different ingredients can be used to make omlettes but milk, lard and a dash of salt are always recommended.

Summer Olympics

2016 Olympics will be held in Rio de Janerio, Brazil and the 2020 Olympics will be held in Tokyo, Japan

Q1: How often is the game played?

Every 4 years

Q2: Meaning of "root" in the passage?

to wish success

Q3: What is the main reason athletics wish to participate in the olympics?

They have patriotic pride in their participation

Q4: Where was Summer 2008 played?

China