Effective Communication Lecture Review

Vocabulary practice cards covering the elements of communication, verbal and non-verbal types, communicative markers, and interaction strategies.

Sender

The person who initiates the message.

Message

The information being communicated.

Channel

The medium used to convey the message.

Receiver

The person who interprets the message.

Feedback

The response of the receiver.

Context

The situation in which the communication occurs.

Noise

Any barrier that interferes with communication.

Verbal communication

Refers to the use of spoken or written language to express ideas, thoughts, emotions, and information.

Oral Communication

Communication through spoken language, such as face-to-face conversations or telephone calls.

Written Communication

Communication through written symbols and texts, such as emails, reports, or social media posts.

Clarity

Refers to making the message understandable and precise.

Conciseness

Using only necessary words in a message.

Correctness

Observing proper grammar and providing accurate information.

Courtesy

Showing respect and consideration in communication.

Appropriateness

Using language suitable to the audience and situation.

Non-verbal communication

The transmission of messages without using words, revealed through physical behaviors.

Facial Expressions

Facial movements that communicate emotions and reactions, such as smiling or frowning.

Gestures

Movements of the hands, arms, or body that convey meaning, like waving or pointing.

Oculesics

The use of the eyes in communication (Eye Contact) to show attentiveness, confidence, or interest.

Posture

The way a person positions the body, which may indicate confidence or boredom.

Proxemics

The physical distance maintained during interaction (Personal Space).

Haptics

Communication through physical contact, such as handshakes or a pat on the back.

Paralanguage

Vocal elements accompanying speech, including tone, pitch, volume, and rate of speaking.

Appearance

Clothing, grooming, and overall presentation that influence how others perceive a person.

Communicative Markers

Words, phrases, or expressions that organize ideas, maintain conversation flow, and signal transitions.

Communicative strategies

Techniques or methods used to organize, make meaningful, and make conversations effective.

Nomination

A strategy for introducing a topic or inviting someone to participate in a conversation.

Restriction

The limitations or rules that guide how participants communicate in a particular situation.

Turn-taking

The process by which participants alternate speaking during a conversation.

Back-channeling

Showing the speaker you are listening and understanding (e.g., saying 'uh-huh') without taking over the conversation.

Topic Control

Keeping the discussion focused on the main subject.

Topic Shifting

When speakers move smoothly from one topic to another.

Repair

A strategy used to correct misunderstandings, clarify ideas, or restate information during communication.

Termination

Ending a conversation politely and appropriately.